respiratory system Flashcards
What are the functions of the nasal cavity
Filters Warms & Moistens air
It’s a passage to the pharynx
features of the nasal cavity
Conchae & meatuses
What are the conchae
folds oftissue on lateral wall of nasal fossa
Mucous membranes supported by thin scroll like turbinate bones
What are the meatuses
Narrowair passage beneath each concha
Narrowness & turbulence ensures air contacts the membranes
paranasal sinuses
frontal sinus
maxillary sinus
ethmoid sinus
sphenoid sinus
what are the functions of the paranasal sinuses
Produce mucous and act as resonators
the different pharynxes
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
what is the function of the pharynx
passage between the nose, mouth and the larynx/ oesophagus
what is the function of the larynx
passage of air between the pharynx and lower respitory tract phonation
movements of the vocalfolds
Abduction- prosterior cricoarytenoid
adducction- latteral cricoarytenoid
Trachea
Begins at C6/7 below the larynx
Divides into right and left bronchi at the carina
Carina = V-shaped cartilage at transverse thoracic plane (T4/5)
C-shaped cartilages anteriorly
Trachealis muscle posteriorly (accommodates expansion of oesophagus)
Lungs appearance
Rounded Apex
Costal, Diaphragmatic and Mediastinal surfaces
Right Lung – 3 lobes
Left Lung – 2 lobes
what is the function of the bronchial tree
passage of air to and from the lungs
Rib cage and changes in dimension
Anterior-Posterior:
Sternum moves anteriorly and superiorly
Lateral:
Lower ribcage moves laterally
Vertical:
Diaphragm descends
what are the 3 layers of Interior muscles in the intercostal space (between adjacent ribs)
3 Layers of muscle:
External intercostal
Internal intercostal
Innermost intercostal
