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SCIENCE 9 Q1 PERIODICAL > RESPIRATORY SYSTEM > Flashcards

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Flashcards

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1
Q

Part of both the digestive and respiratory system

A

pharynx, epiglottis

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2
Q

The bronchials lead to air sacks called ___, where most of the gas exchange happens

A

alveoli

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3
Q

It is embedded in skin lining in nostrils that acts as a filter to dust and small particles

A

cilia

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4
Q

Booth air and food past through the ___

A

pharynx

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5
Q

A tube through which the respiratory gas transport takes place

A

trachea

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6
Q

exchange of gases that occurs between the lungs and the surrounding environment

A

External Respiration

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7
Q

Air enters through the ___where it is warmed and filtered.

A

Nostrils (or Nasal Cavity)

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8
Q

Pathway of Air

A

Nostrils (or Nasal Cavity), Pharynx (Throat), Larynx (Voice Box), Trachea (Wind Pipe), Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli (Air Sacs)

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9
Q

A passage leading from the nasal cavity to the larynx.

A

Pharynx (Throat)

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10
Q

Contains the vocal cords and is involved in sound production.

A

Larynx (Voice Box)

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11
Q

A tube that directs air into the bronchi.

A

Trachea (Wind Pipe)

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12
Q

The two main air passages that branch from the trachea into the lungs.

A

Bronchi

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13
Q

Smaller branches of the bronchi leading to alveoli.

A

Bronchioles

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14
Q

Tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs.

A

Alveoli (Air Sacs)

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15
Q

gas exchange at the cellular level within body tissues.

A

Internal Respiration

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16
Q

Functions of the Circulatory System

A

Transporting Substances, Homeostasis, Protection

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17
Q

Lacks oxygen and collects CO2 for exhalation.

A

Deoxygenated Blood

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18
Q

Pumped from the heart to the lungs via the pulmonary artery

A

Deoxygenated Blood

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19
Q

Returns from the lungs to the heart through the pulmonary vein and is pumped to the body via the aorta.

A

Oxygenated Blood

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20
Q

Rich in oxygen, ready to nourish tissues.

A

Oxygenated Blood

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21
Q

Circulatory Pathways

A

Systemic Circulation, Pulmonary Circulation, Coronary Circulation

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22
Q

Circulation for the heart itself

A

Coronary Circulation

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23
Q

Involves the movement of deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.

A

Pulmonary Circulation

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24
Q

Sends oxygenated blood from the heart to all body tissues.

A

Systemic Circulation

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25
Q

Types of Blood Vessels

A

Arteries, Capillaries, Veins

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26
Q

Carry blood away from the heart.

A

Arteries

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27
Q

Thick outer walls, a thick inner smooth muscle layer, and a narrow central tube.

A

Arteries

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28
Q

Microscopic vessels that facilitate nutrient and gas exchange.

A

Capillaries

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29
Q

Thin walls that allow the exchange of substances between blood and tissues.

A

Capillaries

30
Q

Return blood to the heart.

A

Veins

31
Q

Have walls that are one cell thick and a larger lumen to accommodate blood volume.

A

Veins

32
Q

Prevents mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood

A

Septum

33
Q

Receives deoxygenated blood from the body.

A

Right Atrium

34
Q

Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.

A

Left Atrium

35
Q

Membrane surrounding and protecting the heart

A

Pericardium

36
Q

Types of Blood Cells

A

Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes), White Blood Cells (Leukocytes), Platelets (Thrombocytes)

37
Q

Scientific term for red blood cell

A

Erythrocytes

38
Q

Scientific term for White Blood Cells

A

Leukocytes

39
Q

Scientific term for Platelets

A

Thrombocytes

40
Q

Carry oxygen

A

Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)

41
Q

Part of the immune system; protect against infections.

A

White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)

42
Q

Involved in blood clotting and wound healing.

A

Platelets (Thrombocytes)

43
Q

A genetic scenario where both alleles express their traits simultaneously (e.g., AB blood type).

A

Codominance

44
Q

A situation where the phenotype is a blend of both parents’ traits (e.g., pink flowers from red and white parent plants).

A

Incomplete Dominance

45
Q

Females contribute __ chromosome, while males contribute __.

A

X chromosome, X and Y.

46
Q

Traits that are not linked to specific genes but influenced by hormones (e.g., patterns of baldness, voice pitch)

A

Sex-Influenced Traits

47
Q

Traits associated with genes located on sex chromosomes (e.g., hemophilia, color blindness).

A

Sex-Linked Traits

48
Q

Diverse species increase resilience to changes affecting food supply.

A

Food Security

49
Q

Provide clean air, water, and natural pest control.

A

Ecosystem Services

50
Q

A varied ecosystem can contain pathogens and reduce potential outbreaks.

A

Disease Prevention

51
Q

Threats to Biodiversity

A

Habitat Destruction, Pollution, Climate Change, Invasive Species

52
Q

Urban expansion, deforestation, and agriculture lead to loss of natural habitats.

A

Habitat Destruction

53
Q

Contaminates ecosystems, harming various species.

A

Pollution

54
Q

Alters habitat conditions and species distribution.

A

Climate Change

55
Q

Non-native species can outcompete local flora and fauna.

A

Invasive Species

56
Q

Conservation Strategies

A

Protected Areas

57
Q

Practices that meet needs without harming the environment.

A

Sustainable Land Use

58
Q

Laws and measures to protect species at risk of extinction.

A

Endangered Species Protection

59
Q

Regions with exceptionally high levels of endemic species that are under threat from humans.

A

Biodiversity Hotspots

60
Q

Population Density

A

Population Density = Population/Land Area

61
Q

process by which green plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose using sunlight and chlorophyll.

A

Photosynthesis

62
Q

2 major reactions in photosynthesis

A

Light-Dependent Reactions & Light-Independent Reactions

63
Q

Occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.

A

Light-Dependent Reactions

64
Q

Convert light energy into chemical energy (ATP)

A

Light-Dependent Reactions

65
Q

Occur in the stroma of chloroplasts.

A

Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle)

66
Q

Convert CO2 into sugars

A

Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle)

67
Q

6C02+6H20 (PLUS LIGHT) C6H1206+602

A

photosynthesis formula

68
Q

C6H1206+602 (TO) 6CO2+6H2O+ATP ENERGY

A

cellular respiration

69
Q

first stage of cellular respiration

A

Glycolysis

70
Q

second stage of cellular respiration

A

Krebs Cycle

SCIENCE 9 Q1 PERIODICAL (2 decks)

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