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anaphy > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

The respiratory system consists of: (5)

A

Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs

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2
Q

The primary function of this system is to furnish oxygen for individual tissue cells, and to take away the waste products and carbon dioxide produced by those same cells

A

Respiratory System

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3
Q

is the process of inhaling oxygen into the lungs, and exhaling carbon dioxide.

That process includes the ventilation of the lungs and the exchange of air in the lungs and blood within the capillaries of the alveoli of the lungs.

A

External respiration

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4
Q

is the metabolic process by which living cells use blood flowing through the capillaries, absorbing the oxygen (O2 )they need and releasing the carbon dioxide (CO2)they create.

A

Internal Respiration

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5
Q

is the pressure contributed by a gas to the total atmospheric pressure

A

Partial Pressure

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6
Q

Air exerts a pressure downward, due to gravity
A pressure of 760 mm Hg is defined as one atmosphere (1.0 atm) of pressure

(True or False?)

A

True

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7
Q

The external opening of the nose is called

A

nostrils or anterior nares

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8
Q

The dividing partition between the nostrils is the

A

Nasal Septum

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9
Q

The conchae passages lead to the passageway called the

A

Pharynx

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10
Q

Part of the nose that lines the mucous membrane. About 1 qt. of mucous is produced daily

A

Cilia

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11
Q

Two important parts of the nose that separate the nasal cavities from the mouth cavity

A

Palatine bones and Maxilla (upper jaw bone)

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12
Q

The nose has 5 functions:
clue:
-serves
-warms
-cilia and mucous membrane
-contains
-aids

A
  1. It serves as an air passageway.
  2. It warms and moistens inhaled air.
  3. Its cilia and mucous membrane trap dust, pollen, bacteria, and foreign matter.
  4. It contains olfactory receptors, which smell odors.
  5. It aids in phonation and the quality of voice.
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13
Q

The _______ is the correct term for the throat. It is a muscular and membranous tube that is about 5 inches long, extending downward from the base of the skull. It eventually becomes the esophagus.

A

Pharynx

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14
Q

3 regions of the pharynx that are behind the nose? behind the mouth? behind the larynx?

A

behind the nose - Nasopharynx
behind the mouth - Oropharynx
behind the larynx - Laryngopharynx

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15
Q

There are 7 openings into the pharynx.

In the nasopharynx, there are two openings from the eustachian tubes of the ear, and two openings from the posterior nares of the nose (True/False?)

A

True

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16
Q

In the oropharynx is one opening from the mouth (True/False?)

A

True

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17
Q

The pharynx has 3 functions:

A
  1. serves as a passageway for air
  2. serves as a passageway for food
  3. aids in phonation by changing its shape
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18
Q

Short, tense vocal cords produce?

A

High notes

18
Q

The ________, commonly called the voicebox, is located at the upper end of the trachea, below the root of the tongue and hyoid bone. It is lined with mucous membrane.

A

Larynx

19
Q

Long relaxed vocal cords produce?

A

Low notes

20
Q

The ______________ or Adam’s apple is usually larger in the male, allowing longer vocal cords and contributing to a deeper male voice

A

Thyroid Cartilage

21
Q

covers the entrance of the larynx while swallowing, to avoid choking

A

Epiglottis

22
Q

the cartilage that contains the vocal cords

A

Cricoid Cartilage

23
Q

is a smooth, muscular tube leading from the larynx to the main bronchi.

A

Trachea or windpipe

24
Q

What prevents the crushing of the trachea, it provides protection on the front and sides

A

C-shaped rings of cartilage

25
Q

is the PASSAGEWAY FOR AIR TO AND FROM the lungs.

It is lined with cilia (hairs), which sweep foreign matter out of the pathway. It is only about 1 inch in diameter and 4 ½ inches long

A

Trachea

26
Q

providing PASSAGEWAY FOR AIR TO THE LUNGS

A

Bronchi

27
Q

The left bronchi is smaller than the right bronchi, because room is needed to accommodate the heart.
(True/False?)

A

True

28
Q

If a foreign body is inhaled or aspirated (drawn by suction), it usually lodges in the larger right bronchi or enters the right lung.
(True/False?)

A

True

29
Q

In the presence of infection, the bronchi sometimes become inflamed, resulting in a diagnosis of__________________

A

bronchitis

30
Q

_________ are two spongy organs located in the thorax. They consist of elastic tissue, filled with an interlacing network of tubes and sacs that carry air and blood vessels that carry blood.

A

Lungs

31
Q

Each lung is divided into lobes, the right lung into 3 lobes and the left lung into 2. The left lung has an indentation called the _________

A

cardiac depression or notch… for placement of the heart

32
Q

During inhalation, thoracic volume (increases or decreases?) through contraction of two muscle sets

A

increases

33
Q

Contraction of the external intercostal muscles expands the rib cage. (True/False?)

A

True

34
Q

Contraction of the diaphragm expands the volume of thorax and lungs.

Produces pressure gradient which DRAWS AIR INTO the lungs.

(True/False?)

A

True

35
Q

During exhalation, thoracic volume (increases or decreases?) through relaxation of diaphragm and external intercostal muscles

Produces pressure gradient which CAUSES AIR MOVEMENT OUT of lungs

A

decreases

36
Q

At the end of each bronchiole are the _______

A

Alveoli

The lungs contain about 300 million alveoli sacs, which are the air cells where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place with the capillaries.

37
Q

The base of the lungs rest on the _________, a muscular wall separating the thorax from the abdominal cavity.

A

Diaphragm

38
Q

_____________ air volume remaining after forceful expiration

A

Residual Volume

39
Q

_____________refers to the amount of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing… about 500 ml.

A

Tidal Volume

40
Q

Total lung capacity is ________ liters in an average male

A

is 3.6-9.4 liters in an average male.

41
Q

The normal respiration rate for a 5 year old is

A

20-25 breaths per minute

42
Q

The normal respiration rate for someone 15 years or older is

A

15-20 breaths per minute

43
Q

It is the essential element for determining an individual’s state of health, including temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure

A

Vital signs

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