Respiratory System

Question 1

what circulations are apart of the pathway of oxygen

Answer 1

Pulmonary Circulation and Systemic Circulation

Question 2

Breathing systems include

Answer 2

Central Neural Control, Respiratory system, Cardiovascular System, Metabolic Control and Sleep Mechanism

Question 3

Oxygen flow rate =

Answer 3

pressure gradient x conductance

Question 4

Resting breathing rate

Answer 4

12-15 breaths per minute

Question 5

Cardiac output at rest =

Answer 5

5 litres per minute of blood is pumped out the heart

Question 6

cardiac output at exercise

Answer 6

25-30 litres per minute of blood is pumped out the heart

Question 7

what systems work together (coupled)?

Answer 7

cardiovascular and ventilatory systems

Question 8

why is nose important in terms of air entering our body?

Answer 8

it warms and wets the air

Question 9

what do hairs in the nose do?

Answer 9

stops dust particles from entering the lungs

Question 10

what produces sound?

Answer 10

the vocal chords in the larynx

Question 11

which tube should food go down?

Answer 11

the oesophagus, not the trachea

Question 12

how many lobes does left lung have?

Answer 12

2

Question 13

how many lobes does right lung have?

Answer 13

3

Question 14

chest wall includes…

Answer 14

clavicle, sternal angle, sternum and xiphoid

Question 15

what’s the purpose of the ribs?

Answer 15

1. protects lungs and heart
2. they form a semi-rigid structure and when linked with muscles, a rigid structure that allows you to breathe in and out. = ventilatory pump

Question 16

principle muscle of breathing

Answer 16

diaphragm

Question 17

where does gas exchange take place?

Answer 17

generations 17-23 in lungs. 17-19 = respiratory bronchioles, 19-22 = alveolar ducts, 23 = alveolar sacs

Question 18

trachea structure

Answer 18

cartilage and rings give it structure and support. flexibility. shiny

Question 19

what do alveolar macrophages do in alveoli?

Answer 19

cleans up the dust in your lungs

Question 20

what deos alveolar capillary membrane do?

Answer 20

separates air from blood

Question 21

what do goblet cells produce?

Answer 21

mucus

Question 22

what does green mucus mean?

Answer 22

chest infection

Question 23

what do cilia do?

Answer 23

moves mucus in a synchronised way to so it can be passed and swallowed

Question 24

what do holes in alveoli help with?

Answer 24

if airway becomes blocked, alveoli can still be active and wont completely collapse

Question 25

for air to flow into or out of the lungs, there must be…

Answer 25

a pressure gradient between the atmosphere and alveoli