Homeostasis and the skeletal system Flashcards
(33 cards)
What is an example of positive feedback?
Increasing muscle contraction during childbirth
what division of skeleton highlights the arm, shoulder, pelvis, leg bones?
appendicular skeleton
How does the proximal epiphysis lie to the articular cartilage
distal
Major Functions of bone
Support (tendon attachment), protection, assistance in movement, mineral storage and release and blood cell production
Bone Formation
- Calcium released from bone.
- Indirectly triggers osteoblast differentiation.
- Preosteoblasts mature into osteoblasts.
- Osteoclasts lay down bone.
- Expression of RANKL
- Inactive osteoclasts express RANK
- RANKL binds to RANK
- Activates osteoclasts.
- Bone resorbed.
Compact bone is also known as
Cortical bone
Osteoclast matches with
RANK
Osteoblast matches with
RANKL
mechanism for osteoblast regulation
WNT, Runx2, Osterix, TNF-a, OPG
when an individual begins exercise, their muscles promote more…
venous return
more venous return, increase the…
stroke volume
the sudden demand on the body causes an increase in…
sympathetic nervous system activity
increase in symp nervous system activity, does what to heart rate?
increases the heart rate
increasing the heart rate then…
increases the cardiac output
once the demand has passed, parasymp activity does what to the heart rate?
reduces the heart rate
what does MSC stand for
mesenchymal stem cell
the best example of an integrating centre in homeostasis
Hypothalamus
what are the mechanosensors of bone?
Canaliculi
what is the term for ‘eating’ or ‘destroying’ bone
resorb
an osteon contains…
blood vessels centrally
concentric lamellae contains…
blood vessels peripherally
What feedback loop is blood clotting
Positive
what feedback loop is parturition
positive
what feedback loop is regulation of ventilation
negative
