Respiratory System

Question 1

What are the functions of the Respiratory System (4)

Answer 1

Extract Oxygen from the atmosphere and transfer it to the bloodstream.
Excrete water vapour and carbon dioxide
Maintain normal acid-base of the blood
Ventilate the lungs

Question 2

Name the component parts of the Respiratory System (7)

Answer 2

Nasal Cavity
Pharynx
Larnyx
Trachea
Left and right Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli

Question 3

What happens to air as it passes through the nasal cavity? (3)

Answer 3

Warmed
Filtered and Cleaned
Humidified

Question 4

How many lobes are in each Lung

Answer 4

Left Lung- 2 Lobes (The heart lies under the left lung)
Right Lung- 3 Lobes

Question 5

What is Pleura? (1)

Answer 5

A membrane containing serous fluid that lines the outer lung surfaces

Question 6

What are the 3 components of the Pleura

Answer 6

Visceral Pleura- Adheres to the lungs and covers each lobe
Parietal Pleura - Adheres to the inside of the chest wall
Pleural Cavity- contains a thin film of serous fluid to allow gliding.

Question 7

What is the Diaphragm, and what is its function? (2)

Answer 7

The diaphragm is a large flat muscle separating the Thoracic and Abdominal Cavities.
Causes air to be drawn into and forced out of the lungs.

Question 8

What are the 2 Respiratory Movements

Answer 8

Inspiration (Breathing In)
Expiration (Breathing out)

Question 9

Define Gaseous Exchange

Answer 9

The process where dissolved substances cross a semi-permeable membrane

Question 10

What is external respiration in the lungs?

Answer 10

Oxygen from inhaled air is absorbed into the blood via the Alveoli and Lung capillaries

Question 11

What is Internal Respiration (in Tissues) ?

Answer 11

Carbon Dioxide is released from the blood into the lungs and is exhaled

Question 12

What elements make up air (5)

Answer 12

Nitrogen - 79%
Oxygen- 16%
Carbon Dioxide - 4%
Inert Gases- 1%
Water Vapour- Trace amounts, depending on humidity levels

Question 13

What factors increase Breathing Rates (4)

Answer 13

Exercise
Fever
Conditions affecting normal lung function
Shock

Question 14

What factors decrease Breathing Rates (2)

Answer 14

Conditions which affect the brain
Certain Drugs (I.e. Opioids)

Question 15

Name 4 Breathing Patterns

Answer 15

Eupnea- Normal Breathing
Apnea- No Breathing
Tachypnoea- Fast rate of breathing, over 20 Breaths per min
Bradyonoea- Slow rate of breathing, less than 10 Breaths per min