Respiratory System

Question 1

What does the term ventilation refer to?

Answer 1

Movement of air in and out of the lungs

Question 2

What is internal respiration?

Answer 2

Cellular Respiration

Question 3

What is External Respiration?

Answer 3

Movement of air out of the lungs

Question 4

What is the function of the nose?

Answer 4

• Entryway for air into the body
• detect odors
• warm, moister, filters air
• sound resonance

Question 5

When people cry, what happens to their tears?

Answer 5

Tear goes down the Nasolacrimal duct and some may go through the nose and become boogies.

Question 6

What’s the passage way of an air molecule going through the nose?

Answer 6

When you inhale air goes through the nostrils and enters the nasal cavity and exits through the nasopharynx

Question 7

What are the parts of the pharynx?

Answer 7

oropharynx, nasopharynx (air), laryngopharynx (food)

Question 8

What portion of the pharynx extends to the middle of the uvula?

Answer 8

oropharynx

Question 9

If a patient has severe pneumonia, thickened respiratory membrane, in spite of O2 therapy, if they present with rapid respirations, why do you think this is happening?

Question 10

What is the disease that is characterized by decreased chloride shift and mucus secretion?

Answer 10

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 11

What causes Whooping cough?

Answer 11

A bacteria called Bordetella Pertussis

Question 12

What are the causes of pneumonia?

Question 13

What is the effect of Influenza in the respiratory system?

Answer 13

damage to your body’s defense mechanism, including the membranes that line your airways and the cillia

Question 14

What do smokers get?

Answer 14

increasing mucus, cilia lining tract destroyed, and coughing

Question 15

What is Cystic Fibrosis?

Answer 15

An genetic disorder that damages the lungs and digestive system by affecting the cells that produce mucus, sweat, and digestive juices

Question 16

How does SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) happen?

Answer 16

SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) = infants have problems with waking up from sleep. Scares the shit out of us!

Too much CO2 in the blood and not enough .

Question 17

What is the largest Laryngeal Cartilage?

Answer 17

Thyroid Cartilage (also called Adams Apple)

Question 18

What covers the larynx during swallowing?

Answer 18

Epiglottis

Question 19

Structure that vibrates to produce sound?

Answer 19

Vocal Ligaments
- Also- Arytenoid cartilages, corniculate cartilage

Question 20

What type of cartilage does the Trachea have and why?

Answer 20

Hyaline cartilage (rings) (C shape)
to provide support and keep it patent open, change in diameter during pulmonary ventilation.

Question 21

What are the structures of the Respiratory Zone of the Tracheal Bronchial Tree?

Answer 21

Pulmonary venule, respiratory bronchiole, alveolar duct, pulmonary capillaries, alveolar sac, alveoli

Question 22

When people aspirate foreign objects, which lung does it go to and why?

Answer 22

Right lung because it is more vertical

Question 23

What is the sequence for passageway of air?

Answer 23

Nares→Nasal cavity→Nasopharynx→Oropharynx→Laryngopharynx→Larynx→Trachea→Primary bronchi→Secondary Bronchi→Tertiary Bronchi→Multiple branches of bronchi→Bronchioles→Terminal bronchioles→Respiratory bronchioles→Alveolar ducts→Alveolar sacs

Question 24

Where does gas exchange occur?

Answer 24

Alveoli

Question 25

Type of epithelia found in the alveoli

Answer 25

simple squamous

Question 26

Surgical removal of the lung. The Pattern goes…

Answer 26

Apical bronchopulmonary segment
Segmental Lung Resurrection

Question 27

What is the function of the nasal septum?

Answer 27

To separate the nasal cavity into left and right

Question 28

What is the Hering-breur reflex?

Answer 28

A reflex triggered to prevent the over-inflation of the lung.

Question 29

How does SIDS (Sudden infant death syndrome) happen ?

Answer 29

Problem with the ability of the baby to arise from sleep, happens until build up of CO2 reach high levels.

Question 30

What happens during CO poisoning?

Answer 30

excess breathing in carbon monoxide (a tasteless odor, odorless, and colorless gas.)
unconscious before realizing they’ve been poisoned. symptoms: headaches, dizziness, weakness, nausea, tachycardia and tachypnea

Question 31

What is asthma?

Answer 31

Chronic condition that inflames and narrows the airways in the lungs

Question 32

What is pulmonary fibrosis?

Answer 32

Disease where there is scarring of the lungs called fibrosis which makes it difficult to breathe. It makes the lung tissue thick and stiff and hard absorb oxygen into bloodstream

Question 33

Adult respiratory distress syndrome caused by?

Question 34

What is emphysema?

Answer 34

lung condition that causes shortness of breath
a type of COPD
a gradual damage of lung tissue, specifically targets the alveoli

Question 35

what is bronchitis?

Answer 35

inflamation of the tubes that carry air to and from the lungs.

Question 36

hering-breuer reflex?

Answer 36

reflex triggered to prevent the over inflation of the lung.

Question 37

What is the major regulator of respiration?

Answer 37

carbon dioxide level in the blood

Question 38

Do O2 levels within normal levels of PO2 have effects of regulation of respiration?

Answer 38

PO2 = Partial Pressure of Oxygen

reflects the amount of oxygen gas dissolved in the blood. It primarily measures the effectiveness of the lungs in pulling oxygen into the bloodstream from the atmosphere.

Elevated pO2 levels = increase O2 levels in the inhaled air

Question 39

What happens if the CO2 levels in the blood increase?

Answer 39

respiration rate increases

Question 40

what area in the brain is chemosensitive?

Answer 40

hypothalamus, medulla oblongata

rythms = pons

Question 41

what nerve innervates the diaphragm?

Answer 41

phrenic nerve