Respiratory System Flashcards
Overall exchange of gases.
Respiration.
A phase in respiration.
Breathing.
Four Phases of Respiration:
Breathing or Ventilation,
External Respiration,
Internal Respiration, and
Cellular Respiration.
Act of taking air in, and out of the lungs.
Breathing or Ventilation.
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood within the lungs.
External Respiration.
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the body cells.
Internal Respiration.
Process of using oxygen.
Oxidation.
Process of using oxygen to break down sugar in food, producing energy in cells, and releasing carbon dioxide as a waste product.
Cellular Respiration.
Upper respiratory tract:
Nostrils, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx.
Lower respiratory tract:
Trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.
The adult human body requires around what amount of O2 per day?
90 lbs./day
20 percent of inhaled oxygen goes in to the?
Brain.
Respiratory system organs list, proper order.
Nostrils
Nasal Cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveolar Ducts
Alveoli
Lungs
Diaphragm.
A muscular tube in your upper throat called the?
Pharynx.
___ is a common passageway for both food and air. Leads to two passageways, the ___ and ___
Pharynx, esophagus and trachea.
A flap of tissue that closes the entrance to the rest of the respiratory system when you swallow.
Epiglottis.
Trachea also know as?
Windpipe
Located at the top of the trachea is the?
Larynx
Produces voice.
Two elastic ligaments or vocal cords found in the larynx.
The larynx is also supported by several curved pieces of?
Cartilage.
Thyroid cartilage aka?
Adam’s Apple.
Tube-like structure, looks like a vacuum cleaner hose and acts as the main passageway to the lungs.
Trachea.
Tough but flexible connective tissue.
Cartilage
Main organs of the respiratory system, sponge-like organs located in the chest cavity.
Lungs.
Bounded on the sides by the ribs and on the bottom of the diaphragm.
Lungs.
A powerful muscle nestled in the bottom of the rib cage, aids in respiration.
Diaphragm.
Surrounds the heart and fill most of the cavity inside the ribs.
Lungs.
Which lung is smaller?
Left lung.
Lungs are divided into sections called?
Lobes.
The lungs are surrounded by two layers of membrane called?
Pleura.
Between the pleura is the?
Pleural cavity.
Prevents friction when the lungs expand during breathing.
Pleural cavity.
The trachea branches into two tubes.
The l and r bronchi. (Sing. Bronchus)
Tiny twig-sized tubes.
Bronchioles.
Round air sacs that resemble clusters of grapes on a stem. Inflates during inhalation and deflate during exhalation.
Alveoli. (Sing. Alveolus)
There are about a ___ bronchioles.
Billion.
Gateways for oxygen to enter the body. Site of respiration in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen an carbon dioxide takes place.
Alveoli. (Sing. Alveolus)
Physical action of taking oxygen into, and releasing the waste carbon dioxide out of the lungs.
Breathing.
Four types of gas exchange systems.
Integumentary exchange or cutaneous respiration.
Gills.
Tracheal Systems.
Lungs.
Gas exchange system used by insects.
Tracheal systems.
Gas exchange system found in animals.
Lungs.
Gas exchange system that occurs through the skin. Earthworms exhibit this system.
Integumentary exchange or cutaneous respiration.
Breathing center of the brain.
Medulla oblongata or pons.
Brings oxygen from your lungs to all the other tissues in your body, and takes out carbon dioxide from the tissues back to you lungs as a waste product.
Internal Respiration.
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and air take place.
External Respiration.
Body’s energy-releasing process. Which is fueled by oxygen and to break down sugar from food.
Cellular Respiration.
Transports blood and food molecules to body cells through the red blood cells.
Circulatory System.
Requires a continuous supply of oxygen in order to break down sugar from food and release energy.
Cellular respiration .
Consists of the lungs and the various breathing tubes that allow air to reach the lungs. Allows gas exchange. Brings oxygen into the body add expels cabon dioxide.
Respiratory System.
In plants, the exchange of gases takes place mainly in the ___ of leaves and in young stems.
Stomata.
The blood transports oxygen to the brain through the?
Internal carotid artery.
Sites of gaseous exchange in plants .
Stomata.
Open to allow CO2 to enter the leaf and allow O2 to exit. Close to regulate the amount of water lost through transpiration.
Stomata.
Evaporation of water through plant’s leaves.
Transpiration.
The Scientist who discovered that plants respire as they grow.
Joseph Priestley in 1772.
Tiny openings in the wooden stem occur in various place that allow exchange of gases to happen.
Lenticels.
Above-ground roots that facilitate gas exchange and supply oxygen to the roots.
Pneumatophores.
Photosynthesis releases ___ as a by-product.
Oxygen.
