Respiratory Radio (SPN, bronchopulmonar carcinoma, metastasis, PE) Flashcards
what are the imaging techniques used for SPN ?
X-ray
CT
gold standard- histological examination
What are the malignancy suggesting features when observing SPN ?
Irregular margins
Large size
Upper lobe location
How can we perform biopsy of SPN ?
1) Bronchoscopically
2) CT-guided transthoracic needle aspiration (TTNA)
Appearance of SPN on X-ray ?
site
shape
size
Isolated pulmonary opacity
Spherical/ ovoiod
Diameter < 3cm
what is the gold standard to characterize the SPN seen on X-ray ?
Histological examination
1st line indication imaging for SPN is
chest X-ray
2nd line procedure in SPN is
Histological examination gold standard
3rd line examination for SPN ?
CT
1st line imaging in lung carcinoma ?
CXR (to compare to older ones)
what is the second line imaging for lung carcinoma ?
CT (staging, site, density)
What is the 3rd line imaging for lung-carcinoma ?
MRI
what is the 4th line imaging for lung carcinoma ?
Bone scan (evaluation of bone metastasis)
what imaging do we use post-treatment in bronchopulmonary carcinoma ?
PET-CT
what is the use of CT in broncho-pulmonary carcinoma ?
Perform staging and evaluate whether it is possible to operate or not
we use ECHO for broncho-pulmonary carcinoma to see metastases in ;
Liver and adrenal glands
we use MRI with contrast for broncho-pulmonary carcinoma to see metastases in the ?
Brain
How does Lung metastases reaches the lung ?
Blood, lymphatic, and direct route
what is the most important complication of DVT ?
pulmonary embolism
when suspecting PE, what parameters should we check in order to rule out myocardial infarction ?
D-dimer levels
ECG
what is the first line imaging for stable patient, suspected with PE ?
X-ray (almost always negative)
what is the 2nd line imaging for stable patient, suspected with PE ?
Echo-color-doppler in the lower limbs
What is a DVT associated with high levels of D-dimer ?
PE is diagnosed, CT is avoided
what is the gold standard tool diagnosis in stable patient for PE ?
Pulmonary Angiogram CT (CTPA)
What are the indications for the use of CT pulmonary angiogram ? (CTPA)
- High risk for PE in clinical evaluation
- low clinical risk BUT above cut-off D-dimer value
What criteria stratifies the patients and provides an estimated pre-test probability for PE ?
Well’s criteria
