Respiratory Problems And Disorders 2 Flashcards
Chronic inflammatory disease of airway that causes spasm in the bronchi and has triggers
Asthma
Types of triggers
Intrinsic: flu, common colds, URTI
Types of triggers
Intrinsic: flu, common colds, URTI
Extrinsic: Dust, pollens, Furr
Symptoms: Bronchoconstriction - DOB, Wheezing d/t lack of airway passage, Nasal flaring, use of accessory muscle, restlessness, cold and clammy skin
Asthma
Early sign of Asthma?
Hyperventilation
Late sign of Asthma
Hypoventilation
Asthma Pathophysiology
Triggers > Irritation > Inflammation > Mucus Production (Goblet cells) > Mucus clogging > DOB > Dec. O2 > Dec. BF > hypoxia > Cyanosis
dec. O2 > Anaerobic Metabolism > Lactic Acid > generalized pain
Diagnostic Tests for Asthma
ROENT (X-ray)
Incentive Spirometry
Peak Flow meter
Peak flow meter parts
Red zone (0-49%)
Yellow zone (50-79%)
Green zone (80-100%)
What zone in the peak flow meter needs medication treatment?
What medications are these?
Yellow Zone
ABS meds:
- Antihistamine
- Bronchodilators
- Steroids
MGMT: Acute attack for asthma
Epinephrine
Rapid bronchodilator, Short effect
Epinephrine
MGMT: Latent Phase
Theophylline & Aminophylline
Long acting bronchodilator, SNS effect
Theophylline, Aminophylline
Complications of Asthma
Status Asthmaticus
Inflammation of the Bronchi/ Bronchial tubes
Bronchitis
Common cause of bronchitis
SMOKING
Chronic Smoking
Radon Gas
Air Pollution
Asbestos Exposure
Cement company
Destruction of the walls of overdistended alveoli due to chronic inflammation
Emphysema
Emphysema is also known as?
Barrel Chest
Emphysema is the result of what disease?
Bronchitis
Result of Emphysema to Patients
Pink puffer
MGMT: Emphysema - C.O.P.D.
Increase Calorie, Protein, Fat, Decrease CHO diet
O2 LF = 1-3 LPM via nasal cannula
Pursed Lip Breathing
Drugs: bronchodilators:
- Sympathomimetics: AL SAL SAL
Albuterol (STAT), Salbuterol(Long acting), Salbutamol (Short acting)
Methylxanthines q 4
Theophylline
Aminophylline
MGMT FOR EMPHYSEMA: Leukotrine Modifiers (3L’s)
No BREASTFEEDING
INCREASE OFI
TAKE WITH MEALS
Looks like to sing (Bronchodilators)
Long term use
Long onset = 1-2 wks
MGMT FOR EMPHYSEMA: Corticosteroids
what should you WOF?
Oral Candidiasis
- Mouth wash/ rinse wash
Agranulocytosis component
GOTCHA!
GI Irritants
Osteoporosis (long term use of corticosteroids)
Teratogenic
Cataract
Hyperglycemia
Agranulocytosis
MGMT FOR EMPHYSEMA: Anticholinergic that needs special inhalers
Ipratropium
Respiratory drive in which the body uses oxygen chemoreceptor instead of carbon dioxide receptors to regulate the respiratory cycle
Hypoxic drive
Normal level of hypoxic drive for lung capacity (4-6 LPM)
92%
- Disease in the alveoli / within the lungs
- buildup of FLUID in the lungs d/t blood backup in the pulmonary vasculature
Pulmonary Edema
