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Anaesthetic FRCA Primary - Respiratory Physiology and Pulmonary Pathophysiology > Respiratory physiology - Structure and Function of the Lung > Flashcards

Respiratory physiology - Structure and Function of the Lung Flashcards

1
Q

Primary function of lungs

A

Gas exchange

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2
Q

Goblet cell location

A

Airway wall surface

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3
Q

Goblet cell function

A

Discharges mucus onto airway wall

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4
Q

Cillia function

A

Clearance of airway mucus in mucocilliary system

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5
Q

Mucus gland location

A

Deep in airway wall

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6
Q

Epithelial cells of bronchus

A

Columnar

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7
Q

Epithelial cells of bronchiole

A

Cuboidal

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8
Q

Epithelial cells of alveolus

A

Squamous
Type 1 and Type 2

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9
Q

Type 1 alveolar epithelial cells

A

Most common alveolar epithelial cell
Provides alveolar structure
Long proto-plasmic extensions

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10
Q

Type 2 alveolar epithelial cells

A

Secretes surfactant (precursor) to alveolar surface
Ring of outer microvilli

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11
Q

Function of alveolar macrophage

A

Cleans alveolar surface as alveoli lack mucocilliary system

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12
Q

Constituents of anatomical dead space

A

Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Terminal bronchioles

Essentially all airways that don’t have any alveoli

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13
Q

Approximate volume of anatomical dead space

A

150 ml

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14
Q

Approximate volume of respiratory zone (alveoli)

A

3 L

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15
Q

Alternate name for anatomical dead space

A

Conducting zone

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16
Q

Pressure in pulmonary vasculature compared with systemic vasculature

A

Pulmonary pressures around 1/8th of systemic vascular pressure

Much lower pressure in pulmonary arterial system

17
Q

Primary function of lungs

A

Gas exchange

18
Q

Polarised capillary at blood-gas barrier

A

Thin on one side and thicker on other side

19
Q

Thin side of polarised capillary function

A

Gas exchange

20
Q

Thick side of polarised capillary function

A

Fluid exchange

21
Q

What provides strength to blood-gas barrier

A

Type 4 collagen in basement membrane

22
Q

Vessel wall of pulmonary arteries

A

Thinner with less smooth muscle than systemic arteries

Anaesthetic FRCA Primary - Respiratory Physiology and Pulmonary Pathophysiology (17 decks)

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