Respiratory Physiology 1 Flashcards
What is internal respiration?
Process of diffusing oxygen from the blood, into the interstitial fluids and into the cells.
What is external respiration?
Sequence of events leading to the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the external environment and the cells of the body.
Alveolar ventilation is more than pulmonary ventilation. True/False
False
Due to the presence of the anatomical dead space.
4 steps involved in external respiration?
Ventilation
Gas exchange (between alveoli and blood)
Gas transport
Gas exchange (between blood and cells within tissue)
4 systems involved in respiration
Haematology system
Respiratory system
Cardiovascular system
Nervous system
What is boyle’s law?
At a constant temperature, the pressure exerted on the gas has an inverse relationship with the volume of the gas so P is directly proportional to 1/V.
Two forces that keep the lungs and the thorax in close opposition.
Negative intrapleural pressure
Intrapleural fluid cohesiveness
Forces keeping alveoli open
Transmural pressure gradient
Pulmonary surfactant
Alveolar interdependance
Forces promoting alveolar collapse
Elasticity of connective lung tissue
Alveolar surface tension
What is tidal volume?
Volume of air that can be inhaled and exhaled during one respiratory cycle.
What is vital capacity?
Total amount of air expired after maximal air inspired.
What is inspiratory capacity?
Maximum volume of air that can be inhaled following a resting state.
What is total lung capacity?
Maximum volume of air lungs can accommodate.
What is functional residual capacity?
Amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of normal exhalation.
