Respiratory Pharm Flashcards
Bronchodilator Classes
beta 2 agonists and anticholinergics
Long acting bronchodilators
Salmeterol
Formoterol
Tiotropium
Short acting bronchodilators
Albuterol(Proventil)
Levalbuterol(Xopenex)
Ipratropium(Atrovent)
Anticholinergic bronchodilators
Ipratropium(Atrovent)
Tiotropium
Beta2 agonist bronchodilators
Albuterol(Proventil)
Levalbuterol(xopenex)
Salmeterol
Formoterol
Oral Corticosteroids
For short term exacerbations
Prednisone
Dexamethasone
Methylprednisoline
IV/IM Corticosteroids
For short term exacerbations
Dexamethasone
Methylprednisoline
Inhaled corticosteroids
Taken daily
Fluticasone(flovent)
memetasone(Asmanex)
budesonide(Pulmicort)
Corticosteroids MOA
Prevent or suppress inflmmation
3 stages of inflammation
Vasodilation and increased blood vessel permeability
Emigration
Tissue repair
Indications for corticosteroids
Anaphylaxis
Anaphylactoid reactions
Asthma
Adverse effects of corticosteroids
Related to long term use
Fluid retention
Hyperglycemia
Immune suppression
Adrenal suppresion
Drug of choice for asthma sedation
Ketamine
Montelukast
Singulair
Leukotriene receptor antagonist
asthma prophylaxis and maintenance
Magnesium sulfate
For severe asthma to relax the smooth muscles
Dexamethasone
asthma, croup, MS, allergic reaction, cerebral edema, shock
Prolonged use of corticosteroids can lead to what disease?
Cushing’s disease
POND
For Pulmonary Edema
Position/PPV
Oxygen
Nitroglycerin
Diuretics
Nitroglycerin MOA
Systemic vasodilation which decreased preload
At high doses reduces afterload
Dose for nitro
0.4 mg SL or IV infusion at 10-200 mcg/min
Nitro adverse effects
Headache
Hypotension
Reflex tachycardia
Dizzy
Syncope
When not to use nitrgo
If pt has taken the following in the last 24-48 hrs
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor(PDE):
sildenafil(viagra)
vardenafil(levitra)
tadalafil(cialis)
Types of diuretics
Thiazide
Loop
Potassium sparing
Furosemide
Lasix
Loop diretic
Types of loop diuretics
Furosemide(Lasix)
torsemide
bumetanide(burmex)
Types of thiazide diuretics
Hydrochlorothiazide
Chlothalidone
Potassium sparing diuretics
Spironolactone(aldactone)
Indications for furosemide
Edema, HTN, hyperkalemia
Adverse effects of furosemide
Hypokalemia, dizzy, hypocalcemia, hypotension, urination a lot
How do loop diuretics work?
They block the Na/L/2Cl transporter at the loop of henly
results in these substances being retained
Epinephrine MOA
Strong alpha adrenergic effects
Strong beta 1
Meh beta 2
Tell all you know about benadryl
first generation antihistamine
MOA: competes with free histamines for binding at H1 receptor sites
Contraindications: asthma and lactating females
Adverse effects: dryness
