Respiratory Organs

Question 1

which organisms echange O2 and CO2 by simple diffusion over their entire body surface

Answer 1

lower invertebrates like sponges, coelenterates, flatworms, etc

Question 2

to exchange O2 and CO2, what do earthworms use

Answer 2

their moist cuticle

Question 3

how do insects exchange O2 and CO2

Answer 3

they have a network of tubes called tracheal tubes

Question 4

special vascularised structures called gills are used by
this type of respiration is called

Answer 4

aquatic arthropods and molluscs
branchial respiration

Question 5

vascularised bags called lungs are used by
this type of respiration is known as

Answer 5

terrestrial forms
pulmonary respiration

Question 6

among vertebrates, _____ use gills, whereas ___________________________ respire through lungs

Answer 6

fishes
amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals

Question 7

amphibians like frog respire through

Answer 7

their moist skin too as well as lungs

Question 8

when frogs respire through their moist skin, this type of respiration is known as

Answer 8

cutaneous respiration

Question 9

our nasal chamber opens up into ________, which is a common passage for food and air

Answer 9

pharynx

Question 10

pharynx opens through the _________ region into the trachea

Answer 10

larynx

Question 11

larynx is a cartilaginous box which helps in __________ and is hence called _____________

Answer 11

sound production
sound box

Question 12

during swallowing, _______ can be covered by a thin elastic cartilaginous flap called ______ to prevent entry of food into the larynx

Answer 12

glottis
epiglottis

Question 13

trachea is a straight tube extending to ___________ cavity, which divides at the level of _________________ vertebra into a right and left primary ________

Answer 13

mid thoracic
5th thoracic
bronchi

Question 14

each bronchi undergoes repeated divisions to form ____________ and __________ bronchi and ending up in a very thin terminal called _________

Answer 14

secondary
tertiary
bronchioles

Question 15

the tracheae, primary, secondary and tertiary bronchi and the initial bronchioles are supported by

Answer 15

incomplete cartilaginous rings

Question 16

each terminal bronchiole gives rise to a number of very thin, irregular-walled, vascularised bag-like structures called

Answer 16

alveoli

Question 17

what comprise the lungs

Answer 17

branching network of bronchi
bronchioles
alveoli

Question 18

we have two lungs which are covered by
with what between the layers

Answer 18

double layered pleura
pleural fluid

Question 19

why pleural fluid between the layers

Answer 19

reduces friction on the lung-surface

Question 20

the part starting with external nostrils up to the terminal bronchioles constitute the _______ part whereas the alveoli and their ducts form the _______________________ part of the respiratory system

Answer 20

conducting
respiratory / exchange

Question 21

what does the conducting part do

Answer 21

transports atmospheric air to alveoli
clears it from foreign particles
humidifies and also brings air to body temperature

Question 22

exchange part is the site of actual diffusion of O2 and CO2 between _______ and ___________

Answer 22

blood
atmospheric air

Question 23

lungs are situated in __________ chamber which is anatomically an ______________ chamber

Answer 23

thoracic
air-tight

Question 24

the thoracic chamber is formed dorsally by ____________________, ventrally by ____________, laterally by ___________ and on the lower side by _________________

Answer 24

vertebral column
sternum
ribs
dome-shaped diaphragm

Question 25

lung cavity is known as

Answer 25

pulmonary cavity

Question 26

the anatomical setup of the lungs in thorax is such that any change in the volume of thoracic cavity will be reflected in the ___________ cavity

Answer 26

pulmonary