Mechanism Of Breathing Flashcards
two stages of breathing
inspiration
expiration
how is the movement of air into and out of the lungs carried out
by creating a pressure gradient between the lungs and the atmosphere
what is pressure within the lungs called
intra-pulmonary pressure
how can inspiration occur
when intra-pulmonary pressure is less then atmospheric pressure
how does expiration take place
when intra-pulmonary pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure
the gradients of intra-pulmonary pressure and atmospheric pressure are created by whom
diaphragm
external and internal intercoastal muscles between the ribs
how is inspiration initiated
contraction of diaphragm which increases the volume of thoracic chamber in the antero-posterior axis
the contraction of _________________ lifts up the ribs and the sternum causing increase in the volume of thoracic chamber in the ____________ axis
external inter-coastal muscles
dorso-ventral
the overall increase in the thoracic volume causes a similar increase in ________ volume
pulmonary
on average, a healthy human breathes how many times per minute
12-16
the volume of air involved in breathing movements can be estimated by using a __________ which helps in clinical assessment of pulmonary functions
spirometer
name all respiratory volumes
TV
IRV
ERV
RV
name all respiratory capacities
IC
EC
FRC
VC
TLC
what is TV
tidal volume
volume of air inspired or expired during a normal respiration
approx. 500 ml
( 6000 to 8000 ml of air per minute )
what is IRV
inspiratory reserve volume
additional volume of air a person can inspire by a forcible inspiration
2500 to 3000 ml
