Respiratory: Lecture 1 Assessment Flashcards
Upper respiratory tract
Affecting nose and throat
Nasal + oral cavity
Pharynx + Larynx
Lower respiratory tract
Mostly lungs
Trachea + Left lung (2 lobes) and right long (3 lobes)
Primary muscle of respiration?
Diaphragm
Accessory muscles for breathing
Intercostals (between ribs)
Scalenes
Cells of respiratory system
Ciliated = clear things Goblet = produce mucous
Where does gas exchange occur?
Level of alveoli
Drugs that cause bronchodilation
Beta 2 agonists
ACh antagonists
3 components for respiratory system to act properly?
Alveolar Ventilation
Pulmonary Perfusion
Gas exchange
Obstructive Lung diseases
Asthma and COPD
Acute cough
Lasts about 3 weeks
Subacute cough
Last 3-8 weeks
Chronic cough
Over 8 weeks
Tachypnea
> 18 BP
Bradypnea
<14 BPM
Barrel Shape
over inflated lungs
Hyperpnea
Breathing deeper than normal
Stethoscope
Diaphragm = high pitched Bell = low pitched
Bronchial Sounds
Listen over trachea and larynx
High pitched, loud
Expiratory > inspiration sounds
Bronchovesicular sounds
Listen over major bronchi or between scapula
Medium pitch and intensity
Expiration/inspiration = equal sounds
Vesicular sounds
Listen over smaller bronchioles and alveoli
Low pitched and soft
inspiration > expiration sounds
ABG measurements
pH 7.35 - 7.45
PaO = 80-100 mmHg
PaCO2 = 35-45 mmHg
SaO2 = 92-100%
Total Lung capacity
normal volume of adult male lung
Vital Lung Capacity
most you can breath in-out
Tidal Volume
in /out in normal breath
Residual Volume
air remains in lung after biggest exhalation
FEV1 over FVC ratio…
used to determine if have airway obstruction
should be over 70% in normal patient
