Respiratory Infections

Question 1

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Answer 1

Upper respiratory. Inactivates EF2. INhibits protein synthesis. Treated via antitoxins/antibiotics

Question 2

Haemophilus influenzae

Answer 2

STD. Causes pneumonia. Has capsule. Produces IgA protease. Degrades secretory IgA

Question 3

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer 3

Gram positive diplococcus.
Can partially lyse RBC (A-hemolytic)
Capsulated
Diseases: Typical lobular pneumonia. Blood-tinged, pink/rusty sputum.

Question 4

Bordetella Pertussis

Answer 4

Whooping Cough. Encapsulated.
3 Species: B. pertussis, B. brochiseptica
Pertussis toxin. crippling ciliated cells

Question 5

Legionella Pneumonophilia

Answer 5

Aquatic intracellular organism. Transmitted by water in fine mist.

Question 6

Chlamydia Psittaci

Answer 6

Inhalation of dust from bird feces cause this.

Question 7

Mycoplasma

Answer 7

One of smallest baccteria. Lack rigid cell wall, inhibited by tetracyclin and not penecillin.
Secretes H2O2 and exotoxin.

Question 8

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Answer 8

Gut bacteria. Large capsule!
Cause UTI in patients with urinary catheters
Has currant jelly appearance, dark red bloody sputum.

Question 9

Mycobacteria tuberculosis

Answer 9

Rod shaped. waxy cell surface making it impermious to many chemical disinfectants.
3 virulence factors: Wax D: Delayed hypersensitivity rxn.
Cord factor: organism grows as “serpentine cords”
Sulfolipids/sulfotides: inhibit phagosome-lysosome fusion
Miliary TB (does not affect lungs)

Question 10

Mycobacterium Leprae

Answer 10

Hansen’s Disease
Difficult to grow except in mouse foot pad and armadillo.
Prolonged transmission over many months
Affects cooler body parts (nose, ear)
2 Forms: Tuberculoid leprosy -> Lepronatous leprosy (worse)

Question 11

Mycobacterium bovis

Answer 11

Affects cattle and humans, affects the bones

Question 12

Mycobacterium Avium-intracellulare

Answer 12

associated with AIDS