Respiratory examination and CXR

Question 1

What is the normal range for heart rate and respiratory rate in a new born

Answer 1

30-60 breaths per minute

110-160 bpm

Question 2

What is the normal range for heart rate and respiratory rate in an infant

Answer 2

40-60 breaths per minute

110-160 bpm

Question 3

What is the normal range for heart rate and respiratory rate in preschool children

Answer 3

20-30 breaths per minute

95-140 bpm

Question 4

What is the normal range for heart rate and respiratory rate in school aged children

Answer 4

16-25 breaths per minute

80-120 bpm

Question 5

What are the features of Pierre Robin

Answer 5

Micrognathia
Glossoptosis
Cleft Palate

Question 6

What clinical problems can Pierre Robin cause

Answer 6

Difficulties in sucking and swallowing

Respiratory distress

Question 7

What does the HELP acronym stand for in the context of ENT examination

Answer 7

Holder - someone to hold the child
Equipment - is it ready, are you using it correctly
Look - important to visualise it well, even if multiple attempts required
Puke - the child may throw up, and if so you’ve probably done it right

Question 8

What age group are you most likely to see a pneumothorax and why

Answer 8

In young babies, trauma of birth, positive pressure ventilation, high pressures for first breath, weak lung tissue