Respiratory evaluation notes Flashcards
Define crackles
low-pitched, non-musical sounds
Define wheezes
high-pitched, musical sounds
What should you consider if you note expanded lung fields
COPD or better termed RAO
What should you consider if you note diminished lung borders
Pulmonary consolidation
pleural effusion
diaphragmatic hernia
what are 2 common abnormal lung sounds
crackles & wheezes
What should you consider with absent or radiating cardiac sounds
pleural effusion
lung consolidation
what is dullness on percussion usually associated with
fluid accumulation within the thorax or increased tissue density
what would you note with fluid accumulation within the thorax when percussing
a well demarcated horizontal line (straight line, “fluid line”) across thorax where there is a change in tone ventrally (dull) compared to dorsally
what if you note localized areas of dimnishe sounds (dull, “thud”)
either trapped fluid or increased tissue density
what is the rebreathing procedure used for
used to elicit and/or accentuate abnormal lung sounds by increasisn rate & depth of respiration.
can guide response to tx
what does a CBC tell us
evidence of infection (neutrophilic leukocytosis)
fibrinogen: inflammatory vs non-inflammatory, chronic vs acute & severity of dz
What other blood evaluation is important in resp cases
ABG: arterial O2 & CO2 tensions
What specialized diagnostic tool is used routinely in equine resp disorder eval
Endoscopy
most relevan in dx of upper airway disorderd
What common diagnostic tool is used to evaluate both upper & lower airways
radiography
How is u/s helpful with resp cases
looking at thoracic wall
pleural space
normal lung & space
* remember can’t see through interposed gas or bone!
