Respiratory Emergencies Flashcards
What are signs and symptoms of respiratory distress?
Signs and symptoms of respiratory distress includes dyspnea, abnormal breathing rate or rhythm, abnormal lung sounds, altered level of consciousness (LOC), accessory muscle use, difficulty speaking, pulse oximeter below 94%, cyanosis, shallow breathing, unequal rise and fall of the chest, and thoracic trauma.
What are signs and symptoms of accessory muscle usage?
Signs and symptoms of accessory muscle usage includes intercostal retractions, abdominal breathing, supraclavicular retractions, tracheal tugging, sternal retractions, nasal flaring, tripod positional breathing, seesaw breathing, and pursed-lip breathing.
What is asthma?
Asthma is an acute condition cause by bronchoconstriction and excess mucus production. It can be triggered by exercise, allergic response, or illness.
What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a slow, chronic disease process that obstructs and damages the lower airways and alveoli. COPD disorders include chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
What are signs and symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
Signs and symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease inlcude: history of smoking or exposure to cigarette smoke, chronic productive cough, prolonged expiratory phase, and abnormal lung sounds.
What is congestive heart failure?
Congestive heart failure is a cardiac emergency in which the heart does not pump effectively, leading to a backup of fluid and pulmonary edema.
What is croup or laryngotracheobronchitis?
Croup or laryngotracheobronchitis is inflammation of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea. It is highly infectious and usually occurs in children up to about three years of age.
What are signs and symptoms of croup?
Croup is usually preceded by a cold. It often presents with a unique “barking” cough and stridor (a high-pitched sound in the upper airway).
What is cystic fibrosis (CF)?
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder leading to thick mucus production and chronic lung infections. Cystic fibrosis often causes death prior to entering adulthood.
What are signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis (CF)?
Signs and symptoms of cysitic fibrosis include asthma-like symptoms and gastrointestinal problems.
What is flail chest?
What is pneumonia?
Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs. It is often a secondary infection and is a leading cause of pediatric deaths worldwide. Pneumonia is a concern for any patient that aspirates.
What are signs and symptoms of pneumonia?
Signs and symptoms of pneumonia inlcude possible history of chronic or terminal illness, productive cough, weakness, chest pain, fever, and low pulse oximeter reading.
What is a pneumothorax?
A pneumothorax is the accumulation of air in the pleural space. It can occur spontaneously, or as a result of trauma. Asthma patients are at high risk for spontaneous pneumothorax.
What are signs and symptoms of a pneumothorax?
Signs and symptoms of a pnuemothorax include possible history of respiratory problems or thoracic trauma and diminished or absent lung sounds in affected area.
