Respiratory Drugs: Anti-Inflammatories Flashcards
Peptic ulcers Tachycardia Thrombophlebitis Embolism What medication has these adverse effects?
Systemic Corticosteroids: Prednisone and Methylprednisolone
What FUNGAL INFECTION is caused by not rinsing the mouth with water and spitting after using this medicated inhaler?
Patient must SPIT NOT SWALLOW the medication after rinsing.
What medication has these adverse effects?
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
Candida Albicans Infection
Mast Cell Stabilizers are preventative medications used to inhibit the inflammatory response.
What is this drug also known as?
Cromolyn Sodium Intal / Crolom: Anti-inflammtory
What is the therapeutic classification of the medication Montelukast Sodium / Singulair?
Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist
Monitor for Thrush:
Spacer can help prevent thrush.
Rinse and Spit. Rinse Cap it can contaminate clean mouthpiece.
What medication have these nursing interventions?
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
Patient Education
Daily dosing in the am to coordinate with the bodys normal secretion of cortisol.
Med is given in the am to stop the production of cortisol.
What medication have these nursing interventions?
Systemic Corticosteroids: Prednisone and Methylprednisolone
Adrenal Cortex secretes what two corticosteroids that lead to inflammation?
Cortisol are Glucocorticoids
Aldosterone are Mineral Corticoids
What is the name of the Glucocorticoid medication with Systemic Effects?
Beclomethasone / Vanceril [Inhalation]: Corticosteroids
Ecchymosis Hypertension Osteoporosis (stress fractures) Muscle wasting Abnormal fat deposits (buffalo hump) What medication has these adverse effects?
Systemic Corticosteroids: Prednisone and Methylprednisolone
Study Tip: Ecchymosis is caused by vasodilation which causes bleeding. Hypertension is caused by retention of salt and water by secretion of aldosterone.
This is a very effective medication. This aids in the prevention and prophylaxis of an inflammatory response by blocking inflammatory receptors?
Montelukast Sodium / Singulair: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist
This medication is more effective than Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
What is the therapeutic classification of Montelukast Sodium / Singulair?
Anti-inflammatory Leukotriene Antagonist
Leukotriene Blocker
This medication is used for the maintenance and prophylactic for chronic asthma.
DO NOT USE this medication in an acute attack.
Takes 1-4 Weeks to reach therapeutic effect.
What medication have these therapeutic effects?
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
What is the generic name for Singulair?
Montelukast Sodium: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist
Leukotrienes have an influence in the inflammatory response in the lung.
Leukotrienes increase __________, ____________, and ___________. Contibutes to the effects of an asthma attack. Reduces inflammatory process.
Eosinophil migration, Mucus production, and Airway edema
During SEVERE acute attack these steroids will be given IV not through Inhalation.
What medication have these therapeutic effects?
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
What is the name of the Glucocorticoid medication without Systemic Effects?
Montelukast Sodium / Singulair: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist
Used for the prevention of inflammation and chronic inflammation. Not used in acute inflammation.
What medication have these therapeutic effects?
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
And
Montelukast Sodium / Singulair: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist
Throat irritation Hoarseness Dry mouth Coughing What medication has these side effects?
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
Study Tip: Side Effects are Minimal and Local
Patient Teaching: DO NOT use this medication during an ACUTE ATTACK.
Used for the routine maintenance treatment of chronic inflammation.
What medication have these therapeutic effects?
Montelukast Sodium / Singulair: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
Study Tip: Montelukast Sodium is used to treat asthma.
Inform all doctors that the patient is on corticosteroids especially if they are going to have surgery.
MedicAlert card/bracelet MUST be worn just in case.
What medication have these nursing interventions?
Systemic Corticosteroids: Prednisone and Methylprednisolone
Binds with leukotriene receptors to inhibit smooth muscle constriction, airway edema, and bronchoconstriction. This medication binds to leukotrienes in the blood preventing them from causing an inflammatory response.
What medication have these pharmacodynamics?
Montelukast Sodium / Singulair: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist
Study Tip: Remember they cause airway edema, bronchial constriction, and smooth muscle constriction.
What medication is used as a Mast Cell stabilizer?
Cromolyn Sodium Intal / Crolom: Anti-inflammtory
Headache Dizziness Fatigue Abdominal pain What medication has these side effects?
Montelukast Sodium / Singulair: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist
Study Tip: Side Effects are Minimal with this medication
What medication has the highest risk of adverse effects in diabetic patients? Why?
Systemic Corticosteroids: Prednisone and Methylprednisolone
This medication increases blood sugar and increases appetite.
[High Risk for Hyperglycemia in Diabetic Patients]
Mast Cells located in the peripheral vascular system release histamine which leads to inflammatory response causing bronchoconstriction, pulmonary edema, and increased mucus production. This medication prevents the mast cell from degranulating and releasing histamine. What medication is this?
Cromolyn Sodium Intal / Crolom: Anti-inflammtory
Monitor Vital Signs
Why do you administer this medication after meals?
Why must you provide adequate hydration when administering this medication?
What medication have these nursing interventions?
Montelukast Sodium / Singulair: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist
Montelukast Sodium is given after meals to decrease GI upset.
This patient must be adequately hydrated to thin the respiratory secretions to increase the ability to cough up sputum to clear the airways.
The adrenal gland produces what glucocorticoid?
Cortisol
None
What medication has these adverse effects?
Montelukast Sodium / Singulair: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist
Water Retention
Psychosis
Increased Intraocular Pressure
What medication has these adverse effects?
Systemic Corticosteroids: Prednisone and Methylprednisolone
Study Tip: Retention of water and increased intraocular pressure are R/T the medication stimulating the secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal gland > kidneys retains both water and sodium
Used to prevent asthma when exposure to trigger substance is known must be given before the exposure. Once the mast cell degranulates its to late to give this medication. This medication is NOT for acute asthma. What medication is this?
Cromolyn Sodium Intal / Crolom: Anti-inflammtory
-Bruising
-Weight Gain
-Abnormal Fat Distribution
-Increased Blood Sugars
What medication has these systemic effects?
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
Study Tip: Bruising is caused by vasodilation which causes bleeding. Weight Gain and Increased Blood Sugar is caused by the medication increasing the patients appetite.
____________ constricts vessels in the skin and viscera, dilates vessels in skeletal muscle, increases heart rate, and dilates the bronchi by relaxing bronchial smooth muscle.
Epinephrine
____________ is involved in metabolism and inflammation. It has powerful anti-inflammatory & immunosuppressive properties and works against allergic reactions.
Cortisol
This medication has NO bronchodilator properties. What medication is this?
Cromolyn Sodium Intal / Crolom: Anti-inflammtory
Study Tip: This medication is used to inhibit the release of histamine.
Patient Education
DO NOT discontinue the use of this asthma medication without consulting their Physician
NOT for use in acute asthma attacks
What medication have these nursing interventions?
Montelukast Sodium / Singulair: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist
Do NOT abruptly stop taking this medication.
Taper down of the dosage is a MUST because if stopped it can cause SUDDEN DEATH R/T circulatory collapse.
What medication have these nursing interventions?
Systemic Corticosteroids: Prednisone and Methylprednisolone
This medication decreases the migration of Eosinophils (Inflammatory cells) into the lungs. It also decreases synthesis of prostaglandins and other inflammatory mediators.
What medication have these pharmacodynamics?
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
INHALED this medication acts LOCALLY.
PO this medication acts SYSTEMICALLY.
-Impaired Immune System
-Puffy Eyelids
-Edema
-Moon Face
-thinning of the skin?
What medication has these systemic effects?
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
Study Tip: Itching of the skin is caused by rash and hives.
If given orally this medication has more side effects. This is why the inhaled mehod of medication administration is preferred.
What medication have these pharmacodynamics?
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
What is the generic name for Deltasone? What is the therapeutic classification? and How is it given?
Prednisone - Systemic Corticosteroids
Given PO
Systemic Glucocorticoids used to treat _______, _______, and _________ conditions.
inflammatory
allergic
arthritic
What is the proper way to administer a corticosteroid?
Give Bronchodilator First. Give Corticosteroid Last.
What medication will have these nursing interventions?
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
What is the generic name for Solu-Medrol? What is the therapeutic classification? and How is it given?
Methylprednisolone - Systemic Corticosteroids Given IV (succinate)
Cortisol receptors are located in almost every part of the body which results in a high amount of side effects when they are stimulated by what medication?
Systemic Corticosteroids: Prednisone and Methylprednisolone
This medication increases the rate of growth of yeast in the mouth because this medication decreases the immune system.
What medication has these adverse effects?
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
What is the pharmacological action of both Prednisone and Methylprednisolone?
Suppresses inflammation and normal immune response.
Nausea/Vomiting/Diarrhea
Mood changes
What medication has these adverse effects?
Systemic Corticosteroids: Prednisone and Methylprednisolone
Patient Education
NOT for acute asthma attack
What medications have these nursing interventions?
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
And
Montelukast Sodium / Singulair: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist
When ipratropium, a bronchodilator, and a glucocorticoid inhaler are ordered together, the _______________ ?
- bronchodilator is given 5 min before a glucorticoid
- nurse should hold the bronchodilator and notify the physician
- glucocorticoid is administered 10 minutes before the bronchodilator.
- glucocorticoid should be administered immediately after the bronchodilator.
Answer: Bronchodilator is given 5 min before a glucorticoid so that the airway has time to dilate.
Euphoria
Sodium Retention
What medication has these adverse effects?
Systemic Corticosteroids: Prednisone and Methylprednisolone
Study Tip: Retention of sodium is R/T the medication stimulating the secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal gland > kidneys retains both water and sodium
Side Effects of Prednisone
Look on PowerPoint
Which more effective against inflammation
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler) or
Montelukast Sodium / Singulair: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist?
Montelukast Sodium / Singulair: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist
When what medication is administered PO it must be given with meals because it can cause GI upset?
Systemic Corticosteroids: Prednisone and Methylprednisolone
What is the difference between purpura and ecchymoses?
What causes these disorders?
Purpuric rashes are any rash in which blood cells leak into the skin or mucous membranes, usually in multiple locations. Small pinpoint purpuric lesions are called petechiae.
Larger hemorrhages into the skin are called ecchymoses.
These are often associated with disorders of coagulation or thrombosis.
__________ increases the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver to increase the blood glucose level, and diminishes activity of the gastrointestinal system.
Epinephrine
Thinned skin with Purpura
When this develops in the GI tract what complication can occur?
What medication has these adverse effects?
Systemic Corticosteroids: Prednisone and Methylprednisolone
If the skin thins in the GI tract it can cause bowel perforation.
What medication causes a Candida Albicans fungal infection to develop as an adverse effect?
Beclomethasone Vanceril/Beclovent: Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid (Inhaler)
Define Eosinophil?
This is a WBC that destroys parasites that cause infection and contributes to allergic reactions by releasing chemical mediators like histamines.
Study Tip: These are only 1-3% of the total white blood cell count.
