Respiratory distress

Question 1

What is type 1 respiratory failure?

Answer 1

hypoxemic –> PO2 < 60mmHg
-d/t failure of oxygen exchange

Question 2

What is type 2 respiratory failure?

Answer 2

hypercarbic –> PCO2 > 50mmHg
-d/t inability to adequately ventilate or to development of increased dead space ventilation

Question 3

What is type 4 respiratory failure?

Answer 3

secondary to other underlying disease processes

Question 4

What blood gas changes are c/f life threatening asthma attack?

Answer 4

PaO2 < 60mmHg and a normal PaCO2 (38-42mmHg)
-concerning exam findings: silent chest, cyanosis, poor resp effort, exhaustion, AMS, SpO2 < 92%, peak expiratory flow, 33%

Question 5

How do you calculate oxygenation index?

Answer 5

(MAP x FiO2)/(PaO2x100)
-ECMO should be considered for index >40

Question 6

What is one complication of nitric oxide therapy that presents as normal/supranormal PaO2 on ABG but low O2 sats?

Answer 6

methemoglobinemia

Question 7

What are risk factors of difficulty w/ BVM in the general surgery population?

Answer 7

-age > 50
-BMI > 35
-neck circumference > 40cm
-h/o OSA
-h/o difficult intubation
-facial hair
-perceived short neck