Respiratory Disorder 3 Flashcards
Name interstitial lung disease?
Fibrosis, interstitial lung disease, diffuse parenchymal lung disease
EAA - extrinsic allergic alevolitis
IPF - idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
AIP - acute interstitial pneumonia
Symptoms interstitial lung disease?
SOB, cough, constitutional symptoms
Signs interstitial lung disease?
Nail clubbing, sign steroid use, chest
When would you expect to see IPF and tx?
Older male population
Mainly lower zone predominance w/ restrictive spirometer
Tx: supportive, pulmonary rehab, pirefenidone (anti-fibroblast activity)
What is pirfenidone?
Anti-fibroblast activity
When would you expect to see EAA and tx?
Occupational - bakers, farmers
Upper zone predominance
Tx: avoid allergen, trial corticosteroid therapy
What is sleep apnea?
Excessive daytime sleepiness w/ nocturnal irregular breathing
What is apnea?
Cessation of flow for 10 sec
What is hypopnea?
Reduction of flow for 10 sec by >30%
RF for sleep apnoea?
Obesity, >17inch collar, men, age, crania-facial and upper airway abnormalities
Symptoms of sleep apnoea?
Excessive day time sleepiness, impaired conc, snoring sleep, unrefreshing sleep
Sign apnoea?
Witnessed apnoea, irritability, nocturne, decreased libido
Diagnosis of sleep apnoea?
Polysomnography - gold standard
Pulse oximetry - can be used at home
Tx sleep apnoea?
Weight loss and lifestype
CPAP
MAD
How do short acting beta agonist work?
Increase cAMP causing reduction Ca2+ - relaxation of smooth muscle
How to anticholinergic agent work and when are they used?
Used in COPD
Blockage of muscarinic receptors
Give example oral steroids and their side effects?
Prednisolone
SE: weight gain, skin change, hypertension, mood change
How do antileukotrienes work?
Leukotrienes within phospholipid cell membrane derived from inflammatory cells
Promote smooth muscle contraction and inflammatory changes in airway
