Respiratory Disorder 3

Question 1

Name interstitial lung disease?

Answer 1

Fibrosis, interstitial lung disease, diffuse parenchymal lung disease
EAA - extrinsic allergic alevolitis
IPF - idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
AIP - acute interstitial pneumonia

Question 2

Symptoms interstitial lung disease?

Answer 2

SOB, cough, constitutional symptoms

Question 3

Signs interstitial lung disease?

Answer 3

Nail clubbing, sign steroid use, chest

Question 4

When would you expect to see IPF and tx?

Answer 4

Older male population
Mainly lower zone predominance w/ restrictive spirometer

Tx: supportive, pulmonary rehab, pirefenidone (anti-fibroblast activity)

Question 5

What is pirfenidone?

Answer 5

Anti-fibroblast activity

Question 6

When would you expect to see EAA and tx?

Answer 6

Occupational - bakers, farmers
Upper zone predominance

Tx: avoid allergen, trial corticosteroid therapy

Question 7

What is sleep apnea?

Answer 7

Excessive daytime sleepiness w/ nocturnal irregular breathing

Question 8

What is apnea?

Answer 8

Cessation of flow for 10 sec

Question 9

What is hypopnea?

Answer 9

Reduction of flow for 10 sec by >30%

Question 10

RF for sleep apnoea?

Answer 10

Obesity, >17inch collar, men, age, crania-facial and upper airway abnormalities

Question 11

Symptoms of sleep apnoea?

Answer 11

Excessive day time sleepiness, impaired conc, snoring sleep, unrefreshing sleep

Question 12

Sign apnoea?

Answer 12

Witnessed apnoea, irritability, nocturne, decreased libido

Question 13

Diagnosis of sleep apnoea?

Answer 13

Polysomnography - gold standard

Pulse oximetry - can be used at home

Question 14

Tx sleep apnoea?

Answer 14

Weight loss and lifestype
CPAP
MAD

Question 15

How do short acting beta agonist work?

Answer 15

Increase cAMP causing reduction Ca2+ - relaxation of smooth muscle

Question 16

How to anticholinergic agent work and when are they used?

Answer 16

Used in COPD

Blockage of muscarinic receptors

Question 17

Give example oral steroids and their side effects?

Answer 17

Prednisolone

SE: weight gain, skin change, hypertension, mood change

Question 18

How do antileukotrienes work?

Answer 18

Leukotrienes within phospholipid cell membrane derived from inflammatory cells
Promote smooth muscle contraction and inflammatory changes in airway