Respiratory development Flashcards
Which 2 tubes does the embryonic endoderm form the lining for during development
- Digestive tube. Buds from this form the liver, gallbladder and pancreas
- Respiratory tube, forms as an outgrowth of the digestive tube
By what process do the lungs form
Branching morphogenesis
Why is local mesenchyme important during lung development
The formation of branching lung bronchus or straight bronchi (from tracheal mesenchyme) is enable by local signals
Where do the majority of divisions of the bronchi occur
In utero
What does the trachea develop from
Develops as an outgrowth of the foregut at ‘respiratory diverticulum’
What occurs during the embryonic and pseudoglandular stages of lung development
- Formation of major airways
- Formation of bronchial tree and portions of respiratory parenchyma
- Birth of the acinus
What happens during the canalicular stage of lung development
- last generations of the lung periphery formed
- epithalial differentiation
- air-blood barrier formed
What happens during the saccular stage of lung development
- expansion of air spaces
- surfactant detectable in amnionic fluid
What happens during the alveolar stage of lung development
Secondary septation
What is the role of surfactant
to reduce surface tension within the fluid lining the alveoli
What does altricial mean
Hatched or born in an undeveloped state requiring care and feeding by the parents. This can relate to lungs that have a lot of post natal development
What does precocial mean
Self relying- don’t depend on parents
What 4 main factors influence lung development
- intra-thoracic space
- Intra-uterine space
- Fetal breathing movements
- Lung liquid production
What is congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Diaphragm fails to close in the foetus and the abdominal contents enter into the thoracic cavity, compressing the lungs and impairing growth
What is oligohydramnios
too little amniotic fluid
