Respiratory Conditions Flashcards
1
Q
What are the features of CROUP?
A
An URTI characterised by stridor caused by a combination of laryngeal oedema and secretions
Features:
- Stridor
- Barking cough (worse at night)
- Fever
- Coryzal symptoms
Categorised by Mild, Moderate (can still be placated) or Severe (signs of respiratory distress)
2
Q
What are the investigations and management of CROUP?
A
Clinical diagnosis or CXR showing:
- subglottic narrowing ‘Steeple sign’
- ‘thumbs sign’ showing epiglottis swelling
Managed by a single dose of oral dexamethasone, and high flow oxygen with nebulised adrenaline for emergency treatment.
Prompt admission:
- < 6months
- Known upper airway abnormalities
- uncertainty about diagnosis
3
Q
What are the features of CYSTIC FIBROSIS?
A
An increased viscocity of secretions due to a defect in CFTR gene.
Diagnosed via a sweat test: +ve if high sweat chloride
- Meconium ileus, prolonged jaundice
- Recurrent chest infections
- Malabsorption, steatorrhea, failure to thrive, liver disease
- Short stature
- Diabetes mellitus
- Delayed puberty
- Rectal prolapse
- Nasal polyps
- Male infertility, female subfertility
