Oncology

Question 1

What are the features of WILM’S TUMOUR?

Answer 1

Typically presents <5y, median age of 3y

Features: Unilateral abdominal mass, painless haematuria, flank pain, anorexia, fever, metastases (~20% in lungs)

If enlarged abdominal mass ~ review in 48h

Management: Nephrectomy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy if advanced.

Good prognosis ~80% cure rate

Question 2

What is ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKAEMIA?

Answer 2

Most common malignancy - accounts for ~80% of childhood leukaemias. Peaks around 2-5y. More common in males than females

Features:

• Anaemia: Lethargy/pallor
• Neutropaenia: Frequent and/or severe infections
• Thrombocytopaenia: Easy bruising, petichiae
• Bone pain, hepato/splenomegaly, fever, testicular swelling

Poor prognostic factors:

• Age <2y or >10y
• WBC >20 x 10(9) at diagnosis
• Male sex
• T/B cell surface markers
• Non - Caucasian