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315 - Nursing Support for Small Animals > Respiratory Conditions > Flashcards

Respiratory Conditions Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the functions of the respiratory system

A

Provide gaseous exchange between the living structure and the environment.
Includes internal and external respiration
Transport 02 from the outside to the inside

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2
Q

What are the components involved in respiratory?

A 
Nose and nasal chambers
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveolar ducts and alveoli
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3
Q

Sinusitis definition

A

Inflammation of the sinus

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4
Q

Rhinitis definition

A

Inflammation of the nasal membrane

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5
Q

Epistaxix definition

A

Nose bleed

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6
Q

Laryngiti definition

A

Inflammation of the larynx

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7
Q

Pharyngitis definition

A

Inflammation of the pharynx

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8
Q

Dacryocysitis definition

A

Lacrimal duct blockage, preventing tears from draining into the nasal cavity.

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9
Q

Describe paradoxical respiration

A

Chest sinks in during respiration rather than inflate

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10
Q

What is the difference between Stertor and stridor

A

One is the sound of inspiration and the other expiration

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11
Q

What is Stertor

A

stErtor = expiration = upper airway

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12
Q

Stirdor

A

stridor = inspiration = lower respiratory

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13
Q

Define Apnoea

A

Temporary cessation of breathing especially during sleep

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14
Q

What is the name given when the chest sinks in during inspiration?

A

Paradoxical

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15
Q

Hyperventilation defined as

A

Fast but not productive breathing decreasing C02

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16
Q

Hypoventialtion is defined as

A

Breathing at a abnormally slow rate increasing levels of C02

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17
Q

Latrogenic

A

Difficulty breathing in lateral recumbency

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18
Q

Orthopnoea

A

Dysphonia

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19
Q

Dacryocystitis

A

inflammation of the nasocrimal sac

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20
Q

What are the 3 types of nasal discharge

A

Mucoid
Mucopurulent
serous

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21
Q

Aspergillosis is what?

A

A fungal infection that typically presents with a discharge that goes from mucoid to mucopurulent to haemorrhage

22
Q

What nursing care would you give for a patient with Aspergilosis

A 
Barrier nursing
Keep patient clean
Monitor - TPR+ hydration
TLC
Barrier nursing
Medication
IVFT fluids
Assisted feeding
Warm food
Soft palatable food
Feeding tube
23
Q

Distemper is what?

A

Canine and ferret virus.
Dogs of any age are susceptible however puppies less than 16 weeks of age are most common.
SHed in all body secretions
Incubation 1 -5 weeks
Virus can invade respiratory, gastrointestinal, skin, immune and nervous system.

24
Q

What are the clinical signs of Distemper

A 
Green nasal discharge
Occular discharge
Fever
Loss of appetite + depression
1 - 2 weeks after infection
25
Q

What is the definition of TUSSIS

A

Coughing

26
Q

What is another word for coughing

A

Tussis

27
Q

What medication can help with Tussis / coughing

A

Antitussives

28
Q

Signs of Acute Respiratory Failure

A 
Cynaosis
Tachypnoea
Orthopnoea
Dyspnoea
Tachcardia
Weak pulse
29
Q

What nursing care is needed

A

Monitor vital signs and keep accurate record
Supply 02
Ensure therapy carried out e.g. patent airway
Medication
Assist with thoracocentitis
Advise owner on situation
Patient positioning

30
Q

Pneumonia defined as

A

Inflammation of the lung parenchyma (functional element of the lung)
Associated with inflammation of airways and pleura

31
Q

Clinical signs of pneumonia

A

Increase in rate and depth of respiratory rate, coughing, harsh sounds on auscultation

32
Q

Pleurisy is defined as

A

Inflammation of the pleural lining between the thoracic wall

33
Q

Causes of pleurisy are

A

Infection, neoplasia and injury

34
Q

Clinical signs of pleurisy are

A

painful respiratory movement, shallow and grunting, potential lung collapse

35
Q

Treatment of pleurisy

A

Depends on cause

36
Q

Causes of common pulmonary failure

A 
Pneumotharax
Haemothorax
Hydrothorax
Chylothorax
Pyothorax
37
Q

Pneumothorax is

A

Accumulation of air in thoracic cavivity

38
Q

What can a pneumothorax cause

A

Lung collapse and respiratory embarrassment (difficulty in functioning as a result of disease)

39
Q

Hydrothorax is defined as

A

Accumulation of liquid in the pleural cavity

40
Q

What are the types of liquid in hydrothorax

A

Transudative - basic tissue fluid (serous) + forms passively e.g. due to heart failure, hypoproteinaemia
Exudative - active formation of fluid FIP

41
Q

Hydrothorax causes

A

Restricted lung volume causing respiratory distress + veins draining into base of the heart may be restricted.

42
Q

Haemothorax + Chylothorax defined as

A

Accumulation of blood within cavity

43
Q

Causes of Haemothorax and Chylothrax are

A 
Trauma
Blood clotting coagulation problems
Poisoning
Tumour
Lymphatic fluid , chyle, leaks from rupture thoracic lymph duct into cavity
Rare condition cause usually neoplasia
44
Q

Pyothorax defined as

A

Pus in the thoracic cavity

45
Q

P.yothorax info

A

Common in cats
Causes include- bacterial infection and or penetrating wound.
Clinical signs are labored breathing, Pyrexia, dullness and inappetence. Tx - Thoracocentesis and systemic antibiotics

46
Q

Throacocentsis is

A

Surgical puncture and aspiration of air or dluid from peural cavity.
Asceptic technique from 5th - 11th rib
Enter at 7th intercostal space
Sterile container + EDTA tube

47
Q

Antitussants are used to

A

Prevent or relieve cough

48
Q

Mycolytics are used for

A

Make muscles less thick + stricky + easy to cough up

49
Q

Expeotorants are used for

A

Promotes secretion of sputum by the sir passages to tx coughs

50
Q

Effects of respiratory disease

A 
Sensory impairement
Mobility
Behaviour
Nutrition
Metabolic disturbance
51
Q

Coomon respiratory conditions

A 
Feline asthma
Pneumothorax
Haemothorax
Chylothorax
Pyothorax
Diaphragmatic hernia
Tracheal collapse
Lungworm
Tumours

315 - Nursing Support for Small Animals (2 decks)

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