Respiratory Buzzwords

Question 1

What do pleural effusions sound like

Answer 1

Stony dull to percuss

Question 2

Signs of pulmonary oedema

Answer 2

Alveolar bat‘s wings
Kerley B lines
Cardiomegaly
Dilated prominent upper lobe vessels
Pleural effusion

Question 3

TB has what type of necrosis

Answer 3

Caseous necrosis

Question 4

What is the histological test for TB?

Answer 4

Ziehl-neelsen stain positive for acid fast bacilli

Question 5

Apical disease is most likely to be

Answer 5

Secondary TB

Question 6

Miliary tuberculosis indicates

Answer 6

Spread of organism into the bloodstream

Question 7

If the organism spreads via the pulmonary artery, miliary dissemination occures into

Answer 7

The lungs

Question 8

If the organism spreads via the pulmonary vein, miliary dissemination occurs into

Answer 8

Systemic dissemination to the liver, spleen and kidneys

Question 9

What is the histological presentation of Goodpasture’s syndrome?

Answer 9

Postive anti-globular basement membrane antibodies

Question 10

What is goodpastures syndrome?

Answer 10

Rare autoimmune disease in which antibodies attack the basement membrane in lungs and kidneys

Question 11

Chest infection with a bird as a pet is caused by

Answer 11

Chlamydophila psittaci

Question 12

The test for legionella pneomophila is what?

Answer 12

Urine antigen test

Question 13

Signs of sarcoidosis

Answer 13

Bilateral hilar lym

Question 14

A signet ring sign is

Answer 14

A bronchiole that is wider than a neighbouring arteriole

Question 15

A signet ring sign indicates

Answer 15

Bronchiecstasis

Question 16

A child with a barking cough most likely has

Answer 16

Croup

Question 17

What sign on x-rays points towards Empyema

Answer 17

D sign

Question 18

If a patient has pneumocystis pneumonia they likely also have

Answer 18

HIV

Question 19

An alcoholic with pneumonia likely has

Answer 19

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 20

Red jelly sputum points to

Answer 20

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 21

Cannonball metastases, weight loss and haematuria classically result from

Answer 21

Primary renal cell carcinoma

Question 22

An ACTH secreting lung tumour is likely to be a

Answer 22

Small cell carcinoma

Question 23

Increased serum ACE and Ca2+ points to

Answer 23

Sarcoidosis

Question 24

Eggshell calcification at the hilar regions points towards

Answer 24

Silicosis

Question 25

What is a Gohn focus?

Answer 25

An area of infection adn caseous necrosis at the periphery of the lung, beneath the pleura.

It is found in tuberculosis infection

Question 26

What is the acute management of Asthma

Answer 26

Oxygen
Salbutamol (nebulised)
Hydrocortisone IV or prednisolone PO
Ipratroprium Bromide (nebulised hourly)
Theophylline IV or aminophylline IV
Magnesium and call an
Anaesthetist

Question 27

An insiratory whoop with a barking cough is likely to be

Answer 27

Pertussis

Question 28

A snowstrom appearance on x ray points towards

Answer 28

Baritosis

Silicosis

Question 29

A non-smoker with lung cancer likely has what type of cancer

Answer 29

(Peripheral) Adenocarcinoma

Question 30

High d-dimers raise suspscion of what?

Answer 30

Pulmonary embolism

Question 31

Respiratory alkalosis is likely to be what

Answer 31

Panic attack

Question 32

What is Pickwickian disease?

Answer 32

Obese people whose body fat prevents air from getting in. Causes sleep apnoea and hypercapnia

A.k.a obesity hypoventilation syndrome

Question 33

What is Guillian-Barre disease?

Answer 33

A disease which causes paralysis. It is normally preceded by a strep throat.

Rapidly pregressive, ascending motor neurone paralysis beggining in the feet.

Question 34

Blood tests are cANCA positive, joint pain, nasal congestion and recurrent nosebleeds points to what?

Answer 34

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis