Cardiology treatment Flashcards
Hypertension
1st line:
If <55 ACEI or ARB
If >55 or afrocarribean CCB
Add on: ACEI/ARB + CCB
Add on: Thaizde diuretic
If resistant: low dose spironolactone
NEVER ARB AND ACEI
ARB is 2nd step for afrocarribean patient
CHD
Manage underlying cause
GTN
Secondary prevention: aspirin, ACEI, statin
B blocker/CCB
B blocker + amplodipine
If contraindicated then: Isosorbide mononitrate/Ivabradine/Nicorandil
Revascularisation procedures: PCI (antiplatelets and anticoagulants before) , CABG
Unstable Angina
NSTEMI
MONA + T
Revascularisation (PCI, thrombolysis, CABG)
STEMI
MONA + T
PCI/thrombolysis
Stable angina
GTN Secondary prevention: aspirin, ACEI, statins B blockers/CCB Isosorbide mononitrate/ivabradine CABG/PCI angioplasty
Heart Failure (acute)
Sit up
Oxygen
IV Furosemide
IV Diamorphine
Heart Failure (chronic)
Lifestyle Frusemide ACEIs + B blockers Spiralactone Digoxin, Ivabradine Other vasodilators - nitrates, hydralazine CABG
Supraventricular Tachycardia
Vagal manoeuvres - valsava manoeuvre, carotid massage
IV adenosine
IV verapamil
Atrial Fibrillation
Digoxin + CCB/B blocker Disopyramide + amiodarone DC cardioversion If permanent AV node ablation or pacine for older patients Anti-coagulate for stroke risk
Atrial flutter
Amiodarone
DC cardioversion
Radiofrequency ablation
Anticoagulation
Ventricular tachycarida
Unstable - DC cardioversion
Pulseless - defibrillation
Stable - disopyramide + amiodarone
Life threatening - ICD
Ventricular fibrillation
Defibrillation
IV magnesium chloride
ICD
Torsades de points
IV magnesium chloride
Isoprenaline
Pacemaker
Sinus bradycardia
IV atropine
Pacing
1st degree heart block
No block medications