Respiratory and Circulatory Systems Flashcards
What is the function of the Respiratory system?
The respiratory systems function is to bring oxygen in and move carbon dioxide out of the body.
What is the function of the Circulatory system
The circulatory systems function is to transport both substances (as well as others we will look at later) from the lungs to the cells and from cells back to the lungs.
What happens to air, when it is breathed in. (In the respiratory system)
Air that is breathed in moves down the trachea, into the lungs - through the bronchi then bronchioles into the air sacs at the end called alveoli.
What is the alveoli
The alveoli is where oxygen moves into the blood and carbon dioxide moves out of the blood.
What is the airflow when you breathe in?
Oxygen > Nose/mouth > Trachea > Bronchi > Bronchioles > Alveoli
What is the airflow when you breathe out?
Carbon Dioxide > Alveoli > Bronchioles > Bronchi > Trachea > Nose/mouth
What is the airflow when you breathe out?
Carbon Dioxide > Alveoli > Bronchioles > Bronchi > Trachea > Nose/mouth
Describe the gas exchange from the alveoli
Blood that flows into the lungs returning from the body cells contains high CO2 and low O2.
CO2 diffuses back into the alveoli and is breathed out. O2 will diffuse from the alveoli into the blood and will be taken to the body cells.
What is diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from where there are lots to where there are less.
What are the three different blood cells.
arteries, capillaries and veins.
Describe the heart.
The heart is a four-chambered pump.
It has two atria (top chambers) and two ventricles (bottom chambers). The heart has special pieces of tissue called valves. It is a double pump
What does the right and left side of the heart do?
The right side of the heart receives blood returning from the body, low in oxygen (deoxygenated) and pumps it to the lungs. The left side of the heart receives blood returning from the lungs, high in oxygen (oxygenated) and pumps it to the body
Describe the blood flow through the heart
Blood enters the right side of the heart through the vena cava into the right atrium.
It passes through a valve into the right ventricle and then through another valve into the pulmonary arteries to the lungs.
Blood returns from the lungs to the left side of the heart through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium.
It passes through a valve to the left ventricle and through a final valve into the aorta and around the body.
What are arteries
Arteries:
Arteries carry blood from the heart
Generally, arteries will carry oxygenated blood (except the pulmonary arteries)
What are Capillaries
Capillaries:
Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels in the body
They are the site of exchange of materials (like oxygen, nutrients and wastes) between the cells and the blood
