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DMD 5247 > Respiratory Anatomy-Reynolds > Flashcards

Respiratory Anatomy-Reynolds Flashcards

1
Q

conducting zone

A

Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles

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2
Q

Respiratory Zone

A

Respiratory bronchioles
Alveolar ducts
Alveolar sacs
Alveoli

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3
Q

Upper respiratory system

A

Nasal cavity

Pharynx

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4
Q

Lower Respiratory System

A

Larynx

Trachea

Bronchi

Lungs

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5
Q

respiratory system can be divied

A

Can be organized physiologically and anatomically

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6
Q

Dead Space

A

volume you bring into the lungs that can not be accessed by conducting zone

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7
Q

Nose external portion

A

two notstrils

bone

cartilage

internal membrane covered with skin

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8
Q

Internal portion

A

nasal cavities (two divided by nasal septum)

containing thre bony shelves

conect external openings to the throat

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9
Q

movement of air is from

A

nostril to the nasal cavity to the nasopharynx to the pharynx (inhalation) and vice versa (exhalation)

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10
Q

Nasal Function

A

warm

humidify

filter

passageway for exiting air (nasal conchae)

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11
Q

olfactory mucosal cells

A

specialized mucus membrane in superior chonchae

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12
Q

The Pharynx

three segments

A

Nasopharynx (A)

Oropharynx (B)

Laryngopharynx (B)

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13
Q

The Pharynx

anatomical structure with dual function

A

Passageway for

  • food traveling from the oral cavity to the esophagus
  • air traveling between nasal (or oral) cavity to the larynx

where food and air mix

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14
Q

Nasopharynx cell type

A

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

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15
Q

Oropharynx

laryngopharynx

cell types

A

stratified squamous epithelium

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16
Q

the larynx

(voice box)

A
  • made of 9 cartilages
  • hose the the vocal cords produce sounds
17
Q

Name the cartilages

A

Epiglottitis – block food from airway, elastic cartilages (top)
Thyroid cartilage – hyaline cartilage
Cricoid cartilage- hyaline cartilage (bottom)

18
Q

types of vocal cords

A

false upper vocal cords

true vocal cords

19
Q

Trachea lined with

A

15-20 C shaped cartilaginous rings:

Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Mucus producing goblet cells

20
Q

Trachea connects

A

larynx to bronchi

21
Q

cilia in trachea push

A

mucus UP towards larynx

22
Q

Left is longer, displaced by _________________, 2 lobes _____,______ seperated by

A

cardiac notch (heart)

(superior and inferior),

oblique fissure

23
Q

Right is wider, displaced by ________, has 3 lobes ____,____,____ speerated by ______, _______

A

liver

3 lobes (superior, middle, inferior),

oblique and horizontal fissure.

24
Q

Bronchial Tree

A

Primary Bronchi to
Secondary Bronchi to
Tertiary Bronchi to
Bronchioles to
Terminal Bronchioles

25
Q

the bronchial tree function

A

filters incoming air

26
Q

how many secondary bronchi are there?

A

5

(3 R and 2L)

27
Q

Bronchioles

A

no cartilage

smooth muscle increases

28
Q

Alveolus

A
  • microscopic air sac of lungs
  • site of gaseous exchange
29
Q

where do start to see respiration occuring?

A

respiratory bronchioles

30
Q

the alveolus is surrounded by

A

cappilaries

31
Q

alveolus are lined with

A

surfactant

32
Q

surfactant

A
  • a film of lipoprotein
  • lowers surface tension
  • prevents closure of alveolus
  • maintains respiratory membrane
33
Q

What are the four layers of the respiratory membrane

A

site of gas excahge

  1. Alveolar epithelium
  2. Alveolar Basement membrane I (pneumocyte)
  3. Basement membrane of endolithial II (pneumocyte)
  4. Endolithium
34
Q

what is

1

2

6

10

12

A
  1. Ciliated epithelium
  2. Goblet cell
  3. Clara cell
  4. Type I pneumocyte
  5. Type II pneumocyte
35
Q

Clara cell funciton

A

immunological helpers

stem cell

36
Q

label

13

12

2

7

9

18

A

13 External nares /nostrils/hair

12 nasal concha

  1. choana, internal nares

7 Oropharynx

9 Laryngopharynx

18 cricoid cartilage

37
Q

place the following cells in the general order of residence from the proximal respiratory system (closer to the nasal cavity) to distal (alveoli)? What do they do?

  • Ciliated columnar epi cell
  • Goblet cell
  • Smooth muscle cell
  • Type I alveolar epithelial cell
  • Type II alveolar epithelial cell
  • Mucus gland
A

Ciliated columnar epi cell

Goblet cell

mucus gland

Smooth muscle cell

Type I alveolar epithelial cell

Type II alveolar epithelial cell

38
Q
A

DMD 5247 (7 decks)

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