Respiratory anatomy Flashcards
When does the larynx become the trachea?
C6
Where is the costal groove of the rib and what is it for?
Inferiorly on the deep surface of the rib
For the intercostal NVB
What are the three layers of skeletal muscles between ribs?
External intercostal muscles
Internal intercostal muscles
Innermost intercostal muscles
What vein drains the posterior part of the intercostal spaces?
Azygous vein
What vessels supply the anterior part of the intercostal spaces?
The internal thoracic artery and veins
Where are the internal thoracic artery and veins?
The course vertically, either side of the sternum
What are the attachment points of the diaphragm muscle?
The sternum
The lower 6 ribs & costal cartilages
L1-L3 vertebral bodies
Which ‘dome’ of the diaphragm tends to lie superiorly to the other?
The right, due to the presence of the liver
How many main bronchi are there?
2
How many lobar bronchi are there?
5
How many segmental bronchi are there?
10
How many lobes does the right lung have?
3
How many lobes does the left lung have?
2
What part of the respiratory tree is not lined by “respiratory epithelium”?
Bronchioles & alveoli
What is “respiratory epithelium”?
Mucous secreting glands
Cilia
What part of the respiratory tree is supported by hyaline cartilage?
The trachea & all the bronchi
NOT bronchioles and alveoli
What is the most prominent feature of the walls of the bronchioles?
Smooth muscle
What does the bony (posterior) part of the nasal septum consist of?
The ethmoid bone (superiorly)
The vomer bone (inferiorly)
What forms the floor of the nasal cavity?
The palate
What is the roof of the nasal cavity formed by?
The midline part of the anterior cranial fossa
What is the palpable part of the larynx?
Thyroid cartilidge
What is the cartilage of the posterior larynx?
The 2 arytenoid cartilages
What cartilage is inferiorly to the thyroid cartilidge?
The cricoid cartilage
What is the narrowest part of the larynx?
Rima glottidis
What structure increases the surface area of the nasal cavity?
Conchae
What do the tonsils do?
Produce white blood cells
Where is the cephalic vein located?
In the delto-pectoral groove
Injury to what structures may result in a “winged scapula”?
Serratus anterior - usually through injury to the long thoracic nerve
What are the attachment point of the serratus anterior?
Medial border of the scapula
Ribs 1-8
