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Respiratory > Exam buzzwords > Flashcards

Exam buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

What is the diagnosis with stony dull percussion of the lung on examination?

A

Pleural effusion

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2
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for ‘right sided pleuritic chest pain’?

A

Most likely pneumonia

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3
Q

What is the ABCDE of signs of pulmonary oedema on xray?

A 
Alveolar bat's wings
Kerley B lines
Cardiomegaly
Dilated prominent upper lobe vessels
Pleural effusion
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4
Q

What would give a ground-glass appearance on Xray?

A

Pulmonary fibrosis

Respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn

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5
Q

What is the diagnosis with Ziehl-Neelsen stain positive for acid fast bacilli?

A

TB

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6
Q

What is the diagnosis if ‘caseous necrosis’ seen on pathology?

A

TB

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7
Q

What is the most likely apical disease?

A

Most likely (secondary) TB; apical lesion is called an Assmann focus

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8
Q

What is miliary tuberculosis?

A

Spread of organism into bloodstream

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9
Q

What happens if miliary TB spreads via pulmonary artery?

A

Miliary dissemination into the lung occurs

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10
Q

What happens if miliary TB spreads via pulmonary vein?

A

There is systemic dissemination to the liver, spleen, and kidneys

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11
Q

What is the diagnosis with positive anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies?

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

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12
Q

What is the likely causative organism of a chest infection with a patient with a parrot as a pet?

A

Chlamydophila psittaci

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13
Q

What is the most likely causative organism of dry cough and diarrhoea after holiday abroad, some indication of water spread?

A

Legionella

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14
Q

What is the diagnosis with bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, erythema nodosum, granulomas, fatigue, uveitis and weight loss?

A

Sarcoidosis

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15
Q

In which disease would a signet ring sign (bronchiole wider than neighbouring arteriole) on CT be seen?

A

Bronchiectasis

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16
Q

What is the diagnosis if a ‘steeple sign’ seen on Xray?

A

Croup/laryngotracheobronchitis

17
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis in a child with a barking cough?

A

Croup

18
Q

In which patients is pneumocystis carinii seen and what is the treatment?

A

HIV+

Treat with Co-tramoxazole ± prednisolone if severe

19
Q

What is the usual causative organism in alcoholics?

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

20
Q

What is the causal organism of ‘rusty sputum’?

A

Pneumococcal (in pneumonia)

21
Q

Which organism causes ‘red jelly sputum’ in pneumonia?

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

22
Q

Which lung tumour can secrete ACTH?

A

Small cell carcinoma

23
Q

Which lung tumour can secrete PTH?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

24
Q

What is the diagnosis if egg-shell calcification is seen at the hilar region?

A

Silicosis

25
Q

What is the likely type of tumour seen in a non-smoker with lung cancer?

A

Peripheral adenocarcinoma

Respiratory (16 decks)

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