Respiratory anatomy Flashcards
What is Expiration?
It’s breathing out (exhale). This is where the intercostal muscles relax and the rib cage drops inwards and downwards. The diaphragm also relaxes and moves upwards. This reduces the size of the chest cavity that increases the pressure, forcing the air out of the lungs.
What is Inspiration?
It’s breathing in (inhale). This is where the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm contract to expand the chest cavity. Diaphragm flattens and moves downwards while the intercostal muscles move the rib cage upwards.
What does the Pharynx do?
Is a passage that connects the nose and mouth to the oesophagus (the digestive system) and trachea.
What does the Larynx do?
Helps produce vocal sounds and prevents the passage of food and other foreign particles into the lower respiratory.
What does the Trachea do?
Is a passage way for air and helps protects the respiratory system from infectious pathogens.
What does the Rib do?
Protects the heart and the lungs.
What is the Intercostal Muscle?
The muscles help expand and shrink the size of the chest cavity to help make breathing easier.
What is the function of the Diaphragm?
Can contract or relax to change the size of the chest cavity to make breathing easy.
What is the Alveoli?
Allow gaseous exchange between the lungs and the capillaries, which can withstand pressure changes.
What does the Bronchiole/Bronchus do?
Regulate the airflow going in and out of the lungs, as well as trying to catch any pathogens or bacteria trying to enter the lungs.
What is the Epiglottis?
It helps stops liquid and food from entering the lungs.
What is the function of the Nasal Cavity?
Protects the lungs from infectious or allergens pathogens. It allows air flow into the lungs and regulates air flow.
What is Anaerobic Respiration
During exercise, not enough oxygen will reach our muscles so we break down a smaller amount of glucose for energy and create a waste of lactic acid. Anaerobic respiration does not need oxygen, it still produces oxygen but just less than Aerobic respiration.
What is Aerobic Respiration?
This is when the cells receive energy (glucose) from food, which is then processed into a useable form called Adenosine trios-hate (ATP). This respiration used oxygen inside the mitochondria of the cell producing waste of carbon dioxide and water.
