Respiratory A&P Flashcards
How many loves does the right lung have
3
What is the atmosphere made up before inhaling.
21 O2
0.04 CO2
78 nitrogen
Water vaporise
What is the atmosphere composed of after exhaling?
16 O2
4 CO2
78 nitrogen
requirements of breath.
Open airway. Effective muscles of reps. Non-toxic atmosphere. Good CV. Stable chest wall. Ability lungs to expand. Free passage of gas between alveoli and blood.
What is the function of the nose & nasal cavity?
Warms air, moistens it, smells and filters.
Name the three pharynx.
Nash-pharynx behind the nose.
Oral-pharynx behind the mouth.
Laryngopharynx-larynx extending down cricoid cartilage 12-14 cm long. Anterior to cervical vertebrae.
3 single cartilages.
Epiglottis, thyroid, cricoid.
3 pair cartilages.
Arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform.
What is known as the voice box?
Larynx
Where is the larynx?
Between the 3rd and 6th cervical vertebrae.
Where does the trachea start.
Starts at the larynx 5th thoracic vertebrae.
Where does bifurcation takes places.
T5
What are the three layers trachea?
Outter layer fibrous, elastic tissue, enclosed cartilage
Middle layer cartilage bands / smooth muscle
Inner made up of ciliates columnar epithelium with goblet cells.
What are bronchi divided into?
Left & right primary bronchias Secondary Tertiary Bronchioles Terminal bronchioles Alveoli
Tidal volume
500mls-breath in & out during quiet breathing.
Total lung capacity
6000mls
Anatomical dead air space
150mls-residual volume air which remains in the airway but isn’t involved in gas exchange of the alveolar.
Inspiratory reserve volume?
This is the maximum extra volum that can inhaled during maximal inspiration 3100mls.
Inspiratory capacity
3600ml-maximum amount of air that can be inspired this tidal + reserve inspiration.
Functional residual capacity
2400mls-Air remaining in the air passage and alveoli end of quiet expiration, functional residual volume helps prevent alveoli collapse upon expiration.
Expiratory reserve volume
Largest amount of air expired = 1200mls
Residual volume
Amount of air left in the lungs following forced expiration forced expiration 1200mls
Vital capacity
Maximum volume moved into or out the lungs 4800mls
What is the atmospheric pressure.
760mmhg
What is PO2?
Partial pressure oxygen.
Explain Dalton’s law
Normal atmospheric pressure is 760mmhg and 21 of O2 within the air.
21 x 760mmhg = 16000mmhg
What is boyles law
The pressure of gas in a closed container is inversely proportional to the volume of the container.
What is Charles law
The volume septic mass of a gas increase as temperature increase if pressure remain constant.
What are you measure of compliancy?
High-lungs & thoracic expanse easily.
Low-lungs & thoracic wall resistant to expansion.
