Respiratory

Question 1

Charcot Leyden Crystals

Answer 1

Asthma

Question 2

Curshmann’s Spirals

Answer 2

Asthma

Question 3

Asthma with normal IgE

Answer 3

Non-Atopic Asthma

Question 4

Measurement index for submucous gland hyperplasia seen in chronic bronchitis

Answer 4

Reid Index (0.14-0.36 normal, 0.41-0.79 chronic bronchitis)

Question 5

Blue bloater

Answer 5

COPD – predominantly chronic bronchitis

Question 6

Pink puffer

Answer 6

COPD – predominantly emphysema

Question 7

Centri-acinar emphysema

Answer 7

Emphysema seen in smoking, affects upper zones

Question 8

Pan-acinar emphysema

Answer 8

Emphysema seen in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency

Question 9

Paraseptal/Distal acinar emphysema

Answer 9

Common underlying pathology in primary pneumothoraces

Question 10

Middle aged man, contaminated water exposure, atypical pneumonia presentation

Answer 10

Legionella pneumophila serogroups (1 and 6)

Question 11

Pneumonia causing erythema multiforme

Answer 11

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 12

Pneumonia that comes on after influenza A infection

Answer 12

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 13

Cause of Q fever (endocarditiis and pneumonia picture – caught from cows and sheep)

Answer 13

Coxiella burnetti

Question 14

Commonest cause of infectious exacerbation of COPD

Answer 14

Haemophilus influenzae

Question 15

Pneumonia causing good resting sats but dramatic desaturation on exercise

Answer 15

Pneumocystis jiroveci

Question 16

Pneumonia organisms that also cause acute otitis media

Answer 16

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus, Moraxella

Question 17

Cause of pneumonia in bird fanciers

Answer 17

Chlamydia psittaci

Question 18

Organisms that cause a pneumonia with lung hyperexpansion

Answer 18

Streptococcus pneumoniae group 3 and klebsiella

Question 19

Paraneoplastic syndrome causing myasthenia that improves with increased movement

Answer 19

Lambert Eaton Syndrome – antibodies against the presynaptic calcium channel

Question 20

Black lesions under the arms caused by EGF secretion

Answer 20

Acanthosis nigricans (seen in lung and GI cancer)

Question 21

Lung cancer that causes hyperparathyroidism

Answer 21

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 22

Commonest Congenital form of bronchiectasis

Answer 22

Cystic fibrosis – diagnosed from sweat electrolytes

Question 23

Congenital form of bronchiectasis that causes situs inversus, and ectopic pregnancies

Answer 23

Kartageners Syndrome – NB. CXR – lots of signs: Heart on wrong side, Tramlines of bronchiectasis

Question 24

Triad of bronchiectasis, rhinosinusitis and azoospermia

Answer 24

Young’s Syndrome

Question 25

Constellation of bronchiectasis, yellow dystrophic nails, pleural effusions and lymphoedema

Answer 25

Yellow Nail Syndrome

Question 26

Triad of ascites, pulmonary effusions and erratic periods

Answer 26

Meig’s Syndrome

Question 27

Rapidly progressive idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 27

Hamman- Rich Syndrome

Question 28

Cause of high serum ACE and Hypercalcaemia

Answer 28

Sarcoid

Question 29

Scalloped contoured cells

Answer 29

Mesothelioma

Question 30

Cause of Farmer’s Lung (Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)

Answer 30

Micropolyspora Faeni, Sacharopolyspora rectivirgula

Question 31

Cause of Malt Workers Lungs

Answer 31

Aspergillus Clavatus

Question 32

Causes “Egg Shell” calcification of the lung

Answer 32

Silicosis