Respiratory

Question 1

3 types of non-small cell carcinoma

Answer 1

Adenocarcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Large cell carcinoma

Question 2

Which type of lung cancer is the most common

Answer 2

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 3

Which type of lung cancer is least linked to smoking

Answer 3

Adenocarcinoma

Question 4

Which type of lung cancer is more common in females rather than males

Answer 4

Adenocarcinoma

Question 5

Describe small cell carcinoma

Answer 5

Aka oat cell carcinoma
Arises from endocrine cells –> paraneoplastic
Early metastasis and is nearly always inoperable at presentation

Responds well to chemotherapy but commonly relapses

Question 6

Signs of paraneoplastic lung cancer

Answer 6

Clubbing
HYPOnatraemia - due to SIADH
HYPERcalcaemia - due to PTH releasing peptide secretion
Cushing’s disease - due to ACTH production
DVT

Question 7

Two types of mesothelioma, and describe them

Answer 7

Epithelioid - more common, better prognosis (18mo-2yr) with better response to chemotherapy

Saromatoid / biphasic - poor prognosis (8mo max) and often no response to chemotherapy

Question 8

Risk factors for lung cancer

Answer 8

Smoking - passive and active
Coal mining
Age
Fibrosis
Being male
Living in an urban area