Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

1MB Buzzwords > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Stony dull to percuss

A

Pleural Effusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Right sided pleuritic chest pain

A

most likely pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

• Alveolar bat’s wings, Kerley B lines, Cardiomegaly, Dilated prominent upper lobe vessels Pleural Effusion

A

Pulmonary oedema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ground-glass appearance on X-ray

A

Pulmonary fibrosis or Respiratory Distress Syndrome of the newborn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Ziehl-Neelsen stain positive for acid fast

A

TB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Caseous necrosis

A

TB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Obstructive Respiratory Problem

A

Reduced FEV1
FVC is normal
Ratio of FEV1 to FVC is reduced
PEF reduced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Miliary Tuberculous

A

spread of organism into bloodstream. If organism spread via pulmonary artery, miliary dissemination into the lung occurs. If organism spread via pulmonary vein, there is systemic dissemination to the liver, spleen, and kidneys.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Positive anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chest infection with a parrot/pigeon as pet

A

caused by chlamydophilapsittaci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dry cough and diarrhoea after holiday abroad, some indication of water

A

Legionella pneumophila (test urine for antigens) - hyponatraemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

“Tall, thin young man who indulges in marijuana”

A

probably pneumothorax (Marfan’s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, erythema nodosum, granulomas, fatigue, uveitis and weight loss

A

Sarcoidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bronchiole wider than neighbouring arteriole (on CT) (signet ring sign)

A

Bronchiectasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

“D sign on X ray”

A

Empyema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

“Steeple” sign on X ray

A

laryngotracheobronchitis/croup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Child with barking cough

A

Croup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pneumocystis pneumonia

A

HIV (treat with Co-trimoxazole [± prednisolone if severe])SS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Asthma + Nasal Polyps + Salicylate sensitivity

A

Samter’s Triad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Alcoholic (danger of aspiration pneumonia)

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Red Jelly sputum

A

Klebsiella Pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Mucoid sputum

A

Chlamydia psittaci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Rusty sputum

A

Pneumococcal pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Cannonball metastases (also weight loss and haematuria)

A

classically from primary renal cell carcinoma

25
Q

Morning headache

A

hypercapnia or Side effects of organic nitrates

26
Q

ACTH secreting lung tumour

A

Small cell carcinoma of the lung

27
Q

PTH secreting lung tumour

A

Squamous cell ca. of lung

28
Q

Small-cell carcinoma

A

neuroendocrine, highly malignant, and may be associated with ectopic endocrine syndromes.

29
Q

Coxiellaburnetti

A

sheep/farm infection

30
Q

Increased serum ACE and Ca2+

31
Q

Causes of Pulmonary Fibrosis

A

BREAST CA Bleomycin/ berrylium, Radiation, Extrinsic allergic alveolitis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Sarcoidosis, Tuberculosis, Cryptogenic fibrosingalveolitis( idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis), Asbestosis.

32
Q

Eggshell calcification at hilar region

33
Q

Heart-failure cells’ seen in alveolar spaces

A

Macrophages that have absorbed haemosiderin - found in chronic pulmonary oedema, and associated (severe) left-ventricular heart failure. Also, seen in long-standing pulmonary hypertension

34
Q

Ghon Focus

A

An area of infection and caseous necrosis at the periphery of the lung, beneath the pleura - found in tuberculosis infection. Note: Ghon Focus rupture (rare) through the visceral pleura into the pleural cavity will produce tuberculous pleurisy.

35
Q

Drugs to Treat TB

A

2 RIPE 4 RI - 2 months Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, 4 months Rifampicin, Isoniazid

36
Q

Assmann Focus

A

Apical lesion of secondary tuberculous infection

37
Q

‘Coin lesion’ found on chest radiographs

A

Apical lesion of secondary tuberculous infection
• ‘Coin lesion’ found on chest radiographs → a rounded solitary lesion. The common lesions are: Primary bronchial or lung carcinoma, Metastatic tumour (esp. of kidney), Bronchial hamartoma, Carcinoid tumour, Granulomatous inflammation, Lung abscess.

38
Q

Horner’s Syndrome

A

Can occur when there is a local spread of cancer to the intrathoracic nodes or a Pancoast’s tumour. Signs include: ptosis (drooping of the eyelid), enophthalmos (sunken eye), miosis (small pupil), and lack of sweating on the ipsilateral (same side as invasion) side of the face. This is due to invasion, of the cervical sympathetic chain.

39
Q

Acute management of Asthma

A 
OSHIT MAN:
o	Oxygen 100% through a non-rebreather mask
o	Salbutamol Nebulised back-to-back.
o	Hydrocortisone IV or Prednisolone PO
o	Ipratropium Bromide Nebulised hourly
o	Theophylline IV or aminophylline IV
o	Magnesium and call an
o	Anaesthetist
40
Q

Thumbprint sign on head x

A

epiglottitis

41
Q

Snow storm appearance on x ray

A

baritosis, silicosis

42
Q

Management of infective exacerbation of COPD

A 
iSOAP
o	i - ipratropium
o	S - Salbutamol
o	O- Oxygen
o	A - amoxicillin
o	P - prednisolone
43
Q

Non-smoker + lung cancer

A

(peripheral) adenocarcinoma

44
Q

Squamous + Small-cell Lung cancers

45
Q

High d-dimers

A

suspect (but not diagnose) Pulmonary Embolism (send for CTPA or V/Q scan)

46
Q

Low d-dimers

A

exclude Pulmonary Embolism

47
Q

Large PE

A

thrombolysis

48
Q

Small PE

A

Low Molecular Weight Heparin

49
Q

Honeycomb lung

A

fibrosingalveolitis

50
Q

What is an apical lesion called?

A

Assmann Focus

51
Q

What is a key indicator of Goodpasture’s Syndrome

A

+ anti-GBM antibodies

52
Q

Inspiratory whoop/barking cough

53
Q

Hyperexpanded chest

54
Q

Positive sweat test >60mmol/L NaCl

55
Q

fever, night sweats, anorexia, hemoptysis

56
Q

Swinging fever, copious foul smelling sputum

A

Lung abcess

57
Q

4 Types of Autoimmune reactions

A

ABCD – allergic, blood, clumps, delayed

58
Q

TB drug side effects

A

o TB DRUG - Orange coloured tears / urine Rifampicin
o TB DRUG - Peripheral neuropathy / hepatitis Isoniazid
o TB DRUG - Colour Blindness Ethambutol
o TB DRUG - Gout Pyrazinamide
o TB DRUG - Hearing Problems Streptomycin

1MB Buzzwords (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions