Respiratory Flashcards
A West Highland White Terrier is brought to your clinic because he has been getting more and more intolerant to exercise. He also seems to have trouble breathing sometimes. Upon auscultation you note inspiratory crackles. What is your primary differential and how can you obtain a definitive diagnosis?
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis/Progressive intersitial fibrosis
Lung biopsy
What idiopathic disease with variable clinical signs such as a cough or acute respiratory distress do Siamese cats appear predisposed to?
Idiopathic feline bronchitis/ asthma
What radiographic pattern predominates in feline asthma?
Bronchial
Some cats (10%) with feline asthma have a collapsed right ____ lung lobe. The lungs are often ___-inflated.
Middle
Hyper-inflated
What is typically found in a cytology of a transtracheal wash or BAL in an asthma patient?
Increased eosinophils or neutrophils
Mixed Inflammation
T/F Canine chronic bronchitis is similar to asthma in people or cats.
False
What bronchodilators are used in the management of acute life-threatening cases of feline asthma? What is administered via MDI for long term management of this disease.
Acute: Albuterol (MDI or PO) or Tertbutaline (SQ or MDI)
Chronic: Fluticasone proprionate (Flovent) or Beclomethasone (Qvar)
What type of disease can be caused by the use of a MDI?
Dental disease
T/F Steroids are counter-indicated in the treatment of feline asthma as well as feline chronic bronchitis.
False, dexamethasone is indicated in acute life-threatening cases of asthma and glucocorticoids are used for long-term management of both asthma and chronic bronchitis.
What characterizes Feline chronic bronchitis?
Chronic airway inflammation Neutrophilic inflammation Mucosal edema Mucus gland hypertrophy Excessive mucus production
Bawldy Hawn, an 8 year old Chinese Crested, that has been struggling with her weight (a lot) is brought to your clinic because she has been coughing every day for more than 2 months. She is bright and seems happy otherwise. As she struts into the exam room, you can hear her wheezing. She has a history of mitral valve insufficiency. What disease do you suspect? How will you treat it? What medications will you avoid?
Canine chronic bronchitis
Council her owner to minimize triggers such as smoke and excitement, keep her hydrated, and reduce her weight.
Prescribe prednisolone and consider a metered dose inhaler once she is stable.
Avoid cough suppressants.
Your doggie patient is a pure bred 1 year old Xoloitzcuintli who has has recurrent respiratory infections all his life and his response to supportive therapy has been getting progressively weaker over time. He is also infertile. Which immotile ciliary syndrome do you suspect?
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) - autosomal recessive trait
Which vessel, the pulmonary artery or pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood?
Vein
Dalai Clawma presents to your clinic with nasal discharge, sneezing, increased inspiratory effor, and open-mouth breathing. Where is the location of the problem (which airways)?
Upper airways
____ is the hallmark of a tracheal or pulmonary disease, or cardiac failure.
Coughing
Anderson Pooper presents to your clinic with difficulty breathing. When he lies down he has a hard time catching his breath, so he sits in sternal recumbency with his elbows abducted, neck extended and is open-mouth breathing. What term best describes this?
Orthopnea
