Respiratory Flashcards
- Chronic, progressive interstial scaring (fibrosis) from persistent inflammation
- Loss of plum. function w/ restriction
- MC in men 40-50; idiopathic
- Sx: Dyspnea; +/- productive cough, insidious
- Dx: CXR/CT (honeycombing); PFTs=restrictive Dz (i.e. decreased lung volumes)
- Tx: Stop smoking; O2, transplant only cure
Idiopathic pulm. fibrosis/fibrosing interstial PNA
Form of restrictive lung disease
-Multiorgan Dx of idiopathic cause
-Granulomatous (mass of immune cells surrounded by fibroblasts) inflamm Dz of multiple organs
-MC in blacks, 30-40s
-Sx: Cough insidious dyspnea, malaise, fever, erythema nodosum
Dx: Definative=Bx
Tx: Steroids
Sarcoidosis
- Abnormal production of mucus by almost every exocrine gland–>Lungs, GI tract
- Sx: Cough, increased sputum, decreased exercise tolerance, steatorrhea, recurrent lung issues
- Dx: Chloride sweat test. Mixed restrictive/restrictive PFTs
- Tx: Bronchodilators, management of secretions.
- Fatal
Cystic Fibrosis
Genetic deficiency–>progressive lung injury (don’t have Antitrypsin to protect)–>emphysema
- Sx: SOB, dyspnea, decreased lung sounds
- Dx: CXR, PFTs
- Tx: Alpha-1 antitrypsin
Alpha-1 antitrypsin Deficiency
-Increased CA risk
-Sx: Asx, to nonproductive cough
Dx: fibrosis primarily lower lobes. Shaggy heart sign
Tx: O2, transplant, steroids
Asbestosis
-Asx to nonproductive cough +/- DOE.
Dx: Small nodular opacities primarily in upper lung fields. Also, eggshell calcifications
Tx: Steroids, O2 Rehab
Silicosis
Dx: CXR. Upper lobe nodules with hyperinflation of lower lobes
Tx supportive
Black lung/Coal Workers’ Pneumoconiosis
- Cotton/textile exposure
- Sx: Dyspnea, wheeze, cough, chest tightness–>Worse at beginning of week, and improve as week progresses
Byssinosis (“Brown lung Dz”; “Monday fever”)
Generalized inflamm. of alveolar & Resp. bronchioles d/t organic dusts, molds
- Sx: Rapid onset F/C, Dyspnea, productive cough, inspiratory crackles
- Dx: CXR, PFTs
- Tx: Avoidance, steroids
Hypersensativity Pneumonitis (Bird breeder’s lung)
