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Osce Prep > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Some things you look for at the bed side

A

Sputum pot, inhalers, nebuliser

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2
Q

What might cause wasting of the intrinsic muscles

A

T1 nerve invasion by an apical lung cancer

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3
Q

Cause of a fine tremor

A

Beta agonists eg. Salbutamol

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4
Q

Flapping asterixis is seen when

A

Respiratory failure

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5
Q

Bounding pulse could mean

A

CO2 retention

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6
Q

When is pulses paradoxus seen

A

Sever obstructive airways disease and cardiac tamponade

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7
Q

What is cardiac tamponade

A

Effusion in the pericardium

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8
Q

Raised JVP indicates

A

Cor pulmonale

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9
Q

Raised non pulsatile JVP seen when?

What other features

A

Superior vena cava obstruction due to lung cancer

Oedema of the face and neck

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10
Q

What is horner’s syndrome?

Signs

A

Damage to the sympathetic trunk
Miosis (constricted pupil), ptosis (a weak, droopy eyelid), apparent anhidrosis (decreased sweating), with or without enophthalmus (inset eyeball).

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11
Q

What is chemosis

Possibly due to

A

Eye irritation

Hypercapnia 2* to COPD

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12
Q

Facial swelling is seen in

A

SVC obstruction

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13
Q

Which way does the trachea deviate with pathology ? Eg. Of each

A

Towards pulmonary fibrosis or collapse

Away from effusion or tension pneumothorax

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14
Q

When would tactile vocal femitus be increased? Decreased?

A

Consolidation (sound travels quicker through solid)

Effusion / pneumothorax

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15
Q

Lungs hyper resonant ?

Dull?

A

Pneumothorax

Consolidation / effusion

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16
Q

When would you hear corse crackles?

Fine crackles?

A

Consolidation / oedema

Pulmonary fibrosis

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17
Q

Cachexia features of

A

Malignancy , TB

18
Q

Stridor is obstruction of

A

Large airways

19
Q

Respiratory causes of clubbing

A

Cancer, fibrosing alveolits, abscess, bronchiectasis, empyema

20
Q

Wasting of small muscles of hand could be

A

Lung cancer involving brachial plexus

21
Q

Red, warm, clammy palms may indicate

A

Co2 retention

22
Q

Horners syndrome could be due to

A

Apical lung cancer compressing sympathetic nerves in neck

Ipsilateral pupil contraction And partial ptosis (drooping eyelid

23
Q

Raised JVP due to?

Respiratory cause

A

Right heart failure

Cor pulmonale

24
Q

Causes of pectus carinatum (pigeon chest)

A

Childhood asthma or rickets

25
Q

Causes of pectus excavatum (funnel chest)

A

Congenital

26
Q

Normal air entry sound is

A

Vesicular

27
Q

What are bronchial breath sounds ?

Associated with?

A

Loud inspiratory and blowing expiratory

Long consolidation and pulmonary fibrosis

28
Q

Cause of wheezes

A

Exhalation sounds caused by narrowed airways

29
Q

Early inspiratory crackles indicate

A

Obstruction in central airways

30
Q

Late inspiratory crackles indicate?

A

Shrunk lungs - lung fibrosis, pneumonia, heart failure

31
Q

What is pleural rub? How may it differ from secretary cause of crackles

A

Creaking sound of inflamed parietal pleura rubbing over visceral
Remains unchanged after coughing and often has localised pain

32
Q

When would you get ankle oedema with respiratory disease

A

Cor pulmonale

33
Q

Mid axillary scar

Posterior chest scar

A

Chest drain

Lobectomy

34
Q

Bluish discolouration of nails indicated o2 sats of

A
35
Q

Flapping tremor seen in

A

Co2 retention - type 2 resp failure eg. COPD

36
Q

Raised JVP indicates

A

Pulmonary hypertension
Fluid overload
…..

37
Q

Barrel chest seen in

A

COPD

38
Q

Types of percussion sound

A

Resonant - normal
Dull - consolidations , fluid tumour, collapse
Stony dull - pleural effusion
Hyper resonant - reduced density eg. Pneumothorax

39
Q

Auscultation sounds

A

Wheeze - asthma / COPD
Coarse crackles - pneumonia / fluid
Fine crackles - pulmonary fibrosis

40
Q

Lymph nodes raised in respiratory exam

A

Tb / lung ca

41
Q

To finish resp exam

A 
O2 sats 
Provide o2 if indicated 
Request CXR if abnormality noted 
Peak flow assessment. 
Arterial blood gas if indicated 
Full cv exam if indicated

Osce Prep (9 decks)

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