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Osce Prep > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Symptoms of SIADH

A 
SIADH 
Spasms 
Isn't any pitting oedema (key for differential ) 
Anorexia
Disorientation (and other psychoses) 
Hyponatremia

(Urine concentrated, plasma diluted)

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2
Q

Causes of SIADH

A

SIADH
Surgery
Intracranial (infection , head injury, CVA)
Alveolar (ca, pus)
Drugs (opiates, anti epileptics, cytotoxics, anti-psychotics
Hormonal (hypothyroid, low corticosteroid level)

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3
Q

Test for carpal tunnel syndrome in hypo or hyperthyroidism

A

Hypo (as carpal tunnel thickened by myxoedema)

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4
Q

Causes of hypothyroidism with an enlarged gland

A

Iodine deficiency, hashimotos throiditis, or drugs eg amidarone

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5
Q

Reflexes in hypothyroidism

A

Normal contraction with slow relaxation

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6
Q

What is onycholysis ? Feature of what

A

Separation of nail from bed

Graves

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7
Q

Causes of goitre in thyrotoxic patients

A

Graves, toxic multinodular goitre, toxic adenoma

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8
Q

Sizing of a goitre

A 
0 - not visible or palpable 
1a- only on palpating 
1b- only visible when neck extended 
2 visible with neck in normal position 
3 visible from a distance
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9
Q

Charcots foot?

A

Degeneration of joint due to neuropathy –> walking strange -> bony deformation and flattened foot

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10
Q

Symptoms of acromegaly

A 
ABCDEF 
Arthritis
Blood pressure raised 
Carpal tunnel syndrome 
Diabetes
Enlarged organs 
Field defect
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11
Q

What is diabetic dermopathy

A

Brown macules over shins

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12
Q

Dry shiny hair loss skin indicates

A

Peripheral vascular disease

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13
Q

Eczema / haemosiderin staining indicates

A

Venous disease

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14
Q

Venous ulcers vs

Arterial ulcers

A

Moderate / no pain - larger/shallow - associated with venous insufficiency / varicose veins

Very painful - deep punched out appearance - associated with diabetes / peripheral vascular disease

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15
Q

Causes of bilateral pitting oedema

A

Venous insufficiency / heart failure

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16
Q

3 signs of charcots foot

A

High arch
Clawed toes
Prominent metatarsal heads

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17
Q

Absent peripheral pulses suggests

A

Peripheral vascular disease

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18
Q

Things to complete diabetic foot exam

A

Full neuro vascular assessment of limbs
Check capillary blood glucose
Give advice on glycemic control and foot care

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19
Q

What is thyroid acropachy ?

Seen in?

A

Phalangeal bone overgrowth

Graves

20
Q

What is palmar erythema ?

Seen in ?

A

Reddening of palms at thenar / hyper thenar

Hyperthyroidism

21
Q

Irregular heart rate seen in ?

A

AF (hyperthyroidism)

22
Q

What causes the exophthalmos in graves

A

Abnormal connective tissue deposition in the orbit and extra ocular muscles

23
Q

When might eye movements be restricted

A

Graves due to the abnormal connective tissue deposition in orbit and extra ocular muscles

24
Q

What is lid lag ?

Due to ?

A

Upper eyelid observed laggin behind eyes in downward movement (sclera visible)
Due to anterior protrusion of eye (exophthalmos )

25
Q

Which masses move with swallowing

A

Thyroid and thryroglossal

26
Q

What would lymphadenopathy with thyroid mass suggest

A

Metastatic spread

27
Q

Thyroid Bruis suggest

A

Suggests increased vascularity - Graves’ disease

28
Q

Hyporeflexia in which thyroid

A

Hypothyroid

29
Q

What would you do to complete thyroid exam

A

If indicated take blood samples to assess function (TSH /T4)

30
Q

Dry shiny hair loss skin indicates

A

Peripheral vascular disease

31
Q

Eczema / haemosiderin staining indicates

A

Venous disease

32
Q

Venous ulcers vs

Arterial ulcers

A

Moderate / no pain - larger/shallow - associated with venous insufficiency / varicose veins

Very painful - deep punched out appearance - associated with diabetes / peripheral vascular disease

33
Q

Causes of bilateral pitting oedema

A

Venous insufficiency / heart failure

34
Q

3 signs of charcots foot

A

High arch
Clawed toes
Prominent metatarsal heads

35
Q

Absent peripheral pulses suggests

A

Peripheral vascular disease

36
Q

Things to complete diabetic foot exam

A

Full neuro vascular assessment of limbs
Check capillary blood glucose
Give advice on glycemic control and foot care

37
Q

What is thyroid acropachy ?

Seen in?

A

Phalangeal bone overgrowth

Graves

38
Q

What is palmar erythema ?

Seen in ?

A

Reddening of palms at thenar / hyper thenar

Hyperthyroidism

39
Q

Irregular heart rate seen in ?

A

AF (hyperthyroidism)

40
Q

What causes the exophthalmos in graves

A

Abnormal connective tissue deposition in the orbit and extra ocular muscles

41
Q

When might eye movements be restricted

A

Graves due to the abnormal connective tissue deposition in orbit and extra ocular muscles

42
Q

What is lid lag ?

Due to ?

A

Upper eyelid observed laggin behind eyes in downward movement (sclera visible)
Due to anterior protrusion of eye (exophthalmos )

43
Q

Which masses move with swallowing

A

Thyroid and thryroglossal

44
Q

What would lymphadenopathy with thyroid mass suggest

A

Metastatic spread

45
Q

Thyroid Bruis suggest

A

Suggests increased vascularity - Graves’ disease

46
Q

Hyporeflexia in which thyroid

A

Hypothyroid

47
Q

What would you do to complete thyroid exam

A

If indicated take blood samples to assess function (TSH /T4)

Osce Prep (9 decks)

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