Respiratory Flashcards
How do we know when cystic fibrosis is an acute exacerbation?
Congestion, low O2 sat, retains Co2
If a rhythm does not have a P wave, what is it?
AFIB
What is a sawtooth pattern?
Aflutter
What is a rate above 150?
SVT
Patient looks unkept… has COPD. What do we ask?
Do you experience SOB with basic activities of daily life?
What lab tests are for O2?
ABGs and H&H
What does sleep apnea test monitor for?
O2 sat, carbon dioxide, respiratory efforts, depth of sleep
Patient had panic attack, got valium and vitals are stable. O2 delivered 2L of oxygen on face mask. Appropriate?
NO. minimum of 5L for face mask. 2L for NC. They will retain too much oxygen
What do you do with nose bleeds first?
Put on gloves
Patient has asthma attack, what manifestation do we worry about?
If the patient is not responding to therapy
What test is used for heparin?
aPTT
If patient has facial trauma what do we listen for?
Stridor. Also assess accessory muscle use and clear fluid draining from nose. Could be CSF
What test is used for coumadin?
PT and INR
Normal bicarb
22-26
Normal pH
7.35-7.45
Normal PaCO2
35-45
Patient has face fracture and 6 hours ago had surgery. Has nasal packing, what do we assess?
Know if they can breathe, if they are bleeding (would be swallowing coughing blood)
Do we pull out nasal packing?
NOT without doctors permission
Drug for TB
izinad
Drug for asthma
Albuterol bronchodilators
Systemic heart failure, what do we give?
Beta Blockers
Alarm beeping, sats 90, 2L NC, chilling in bed. Patient admitted for COPD, confirmed its 90 sat. What do we do?
Confirm and continue to monitor
If we give Lasix for CHF and they urinate what do we not expect to see?
Edema in the legs
Patient respirations are 13 and have had seizure what do we do??
Nasal cannula, cant hold in nose? put on face mask
What labs and vitals do we look at in patient with bad infection?
Fever, tachycardic, elevated WBC
What acidosis has low pH
Respiratory acidosis
Patient has COPD and recent pneumonia. What do we collect?
Blood cultures, C&S for sputum
What is the most important assessment for a patient who has SOB, sputum, hx of COPD, on inhalers and right meds.
Heart rate and BP
What do we teach about albuterol
its emergent only, carry at all times and understand to only take during acute asthma attacks
Patient has elevated temp, used to smoke since 14, uses inhalers. O2 is 92-93 on NC. After checking if the reading is accurate what do you do?
Assess if breathing patterns are regular or irregular
What do we teach techs about oxygen patients
NOT to take them off oxygen, get extension tubing if needing to ambulate
COPD patient we need to improve O2 and decrease CO2 retention, what do we teach?
Pursed lip breathing, know how to monitor rates and tolerance, have high cal high protein diet, make sure they are working with their family
What is priority assessment on a trauma patient to the face and neck
Assess airway first
COPD pt has increased nausea and fatigue, JVD, edema, cyanotic hands and feet, good pulses, warm. What do they have?
Cor pulmonale (RSHF)
What do we ensure asthma patients know how to do before sending them home
Use rescue inhaler
What fluid overload symptoms may cause you to go into coma
Sodium
With LSHF what do we see?
crackles, confusion, SOB, fatigue and weak, tachypnea
What do patients need to do after using inhalers?
Rinse their mouth, it can cause yeast to grow.
Why do we use pursed lip breathing?
Gets rid of CO2 and gives max exhalation
What do we teach about TB?
don’t stop taking med, dont need to isolate theyve already been exposed, dispose of tissues properly and dont let anyone touch them, rest and GRADUALLY increased activity levels
How many sputum cultures need to be negative for TB patient and how often is lab work done?
3 cultures and labs done every 2-4weels
TB patient needs a bed bath, what do we wear?
Gloves, mask, gown
How should emphysema patient position themselves when having a spell?
Sitting, head down (tripod)
Key to determine if they have TB
rust colored sputum
what do we do immediately if they have rust colored sputum
Put on airborne precautions in neg pressure room, put a sign up, give o2
If a patient is in heart failure what do we do?
I&Os, make sure they are using the fluid they get and if they output less than they intake we need to restrict fluids
Patient is lethargic, didn’t eat, confused, BLOOD TINGED SPUTUM, looks sick. What do they have?
Pneumonia
What questions do we ask if they have had the flu?
Have you been exposed, have you had vaccine?
Sending a patient home with pneumonia, what statement indicates further teaching?
“I will get the pneumonia vaccine every year)
Working in ER, on triage what patient do you see first?
Always the one with breathing
What do you do for a VFIB rhythm
Get defib
What patient goes into negative pressure room?
TB due to rust colored
Patient has rib fracture, what should they do
Hold pillow to cough and deep breathe
What are dilated blood vessels?
Hypotension
If we are treating primary pulmonary HTN what do we monitor for?
Hypotension and arterial pressure could go down
Patient comes in with weakness, hx of chronic heart problems, COPD, arthritis. HR is 115, temp is 96.9, 28 RR, sat 92, wbc 8.7, rbc 3.5, hemoglobin 5.6, hematocrit 14.5, platelet 195, chest x ray good, sinus tach, no st elevation. What do we do?
Prepare patient for colonoscopy
