Respiratory Flashcards
What causes Metabolic acidosis?
alcohol, uremia, diarrhea, hypoxia, shock, DM, fistulas, increased nonvolatile acids (lactic acid, hydrogen, CO2)
What signs show with metabolic acidosis?
decrease in HCO3, PO2,pH
What causes metabolic alkalosis?
Vomiting, gastric aspiration, hypOkalemia, increase in bases (diuretics)
What signs show with metabolic alkalosis?
Increase in HCO3, PCO2 and pH
What causes Respiratory acidosis?
Not breathing, built up CO2 in the body can cause R shift making hgb have a less affinity for O2 which can also increase temperature (not good)
What signs show with respiratory acidosis?
increase in HCO3 and PCO2
decrease in pH
What causes Respiratory Alkalosis?
hyperventilation which an cause a L shift making hgb have an increased affinity for O2 decreased temperature
What are risk factors for bronchospasm?
asthma, smoking, airway procedure (bronch)
What is the treatment for a bronchospasm?
albuterol/ipratropium, steroids, ketamine, mag, epi
What are risk factors for a laryngospasm?
reactive airway (asthma), recent URI, pediatric pt, smoking hx, blood/gastric secretion
What is the treatment for a laryngospasm?
Larson’s maneuver (strong anterior pressure behind mandible) coupled w/ mask and ambu bag
Meds: prop/succs
Treatment for a pt w/ respiratory depression
initiating ventilation w/ ambu bag - watch for chest rising and fog in mask
Don’t want gastric distention <– O2 wont improve
if pt isn’t initiating breaths, jaw thrust and incr FiO2 are ineffective
if none of the above are adequate - place airway
How can acidosis affect the body?
Can impair O2 delivery to rest of body
ex: septic pt gets metabolic acidosis d/t O2 imbalance and tissues
What does STOPBAND stand for?
Snore
Tired, throughout the day
Observed by others?
Pressure, BP
BMI: >35
Age: >50
Neck circumference
Gender, male
What are risk factors for OSA?
family Hx, recessed chin, alcohol use, smoker, abnormal airway
