Respiratory Flashcards
Difference btwn Stimulating and Relaxing Expectorants
Stimulating Expectorant: iIrritate bronchioles; increase circulation to tissues; thin secretions
PRODUCTIVE COUGH
Contain: Saponins, alkaloids, VO
Examples: Sanguinaria canadensis (bloodroot) Inula helenium (Elecampane) Marrubium vulgare (Horehound)
Relaxing Expectorant: Soothe spasm; loosen mucous. DRY, IRRITATING COUGHS; tightness in chest
Contain: Mucilage, VO
Examples:
Tussilago farfara (Coltsfoot) Lobelia inflata (Lobelia) Verbascum thapsus (Mullein) Grindellia spp (Gumweed) Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice) Cetraria iclandica (Iceland moss) Althea off. (Marshmallow)
Amphoteric Expectorants - can act as both!
Verbascum thapsus (Mullein) Tussilago farfara (Coltsfoot) Inula helenium (Elecampane)
Antispasmodics (LRT)
Drosera rotundifolia (sundew) Prunus serotina (wild cherry) Pimpinella anisum - weakly - (aniseed) Ephedra sinica (ephedra) Grindellia spp (gumweed) Lobelia inflata (lobelia)
Antimicrobials (LRT)
Echinacea spp Hydrastis canadensis (goldenseal) Thymus vulgaris (Thyme) Allium sativum (garlic) Organum spp (oregano) Pimpinella anisum (aniseed)
Anticatarrhal (LRT)
Hyssop off (hyssop) Tussilago farfara (coltsfoot) Pimpinella anisum (aniseed) Ephedra sinica (ephedra)
Cardio tonic (LRT)
Leonorus cardia (motherwort) Allium sativum (garlic)
Nervine (LRT)
Leonorus cardia (motherwort) Lobelia inflata (lobelia)
Antimicrobial (URT)
Echinacea spp Hydrastis canadensis (goldenseal) Allium sativum (garlic) Sambucus nigra (black elder) Baptisia tinctoria (wild indigo) Ligusticum porteri (chastity bush) Cinnamonum zeylandicum (Cinnamon) Zingiber off (Ginger) Eucalyptus spp.
Anticatarrhal (URT)
Baptisia tinctoria (wild indigo) Sambucus nigra (black elder) Solidago spp (goldenrod) Ephedra sinica (ephedra) Euphrasia spp (eyebright)
Astringent (URT)
Euphrasia spp (eyebright)
Diaphoretics
Eupatorium perfoliatum (boneset) Sambucus nigra (black elder) Allium sativum (garlic) Achillea millefolium (yarrow)
Baptisia tinctoria
(wild indigo)
ANTIVIRAL + ANTICATARRHAL + LYMPHATIC
Conditions: cattarh + infx of ear/nose (closed cavities esp). Laryngitis, pharyngitis, lymphadentis.
Cetraria iclandica
(iceland moss)
RELAXING DEMULCENT + EXPECTORANT + ANTIEMETIC
Conditions: bronchitis, catarrh
Mucilage content – may impair drug absorption.
Cinnamonum zeylandicum
(cinnamon)
SPASMOLYTIC + ANTIBACTERIAL + CARMINATIVE
Conditions: colds
NOT to be used in pregnancy
Drosera rotundifolia
(sundew)
ANTISPASMOTIC + ANTITUSSIVE + EXPECTORANT
Conditions: bronchitis, pertussis, strep/staph, pneumonia, asthma.
Ephedra sinica
(ephedra)
ANTIALLERGIC + ANTITUSSIVE + CIRCULATORY STIMULANT
Conditions: nasal decongestion, asthma, bronchitis, allergy
NOT to be used with HTN, thyroid dx, CVD, diabetes, enlarged prostate.
Dr Godfrey said always take with lobelia!
Eucalyptus spp
(Eucalyptus)
ANTIMICROBIAL + ANTISPASMODIC + EXPECTORANT
Conditions: catarrh (chronic yellow), URTI with cough, WET asthma, pneumonia, bronchitis
Euphrasia spp
(Eyebright)
ANTICATARRHAL + ANTIALLERGY + ANTIINFLAMMATORY
Conditions: catarrh, sinusitis, eye problems.
Glycyrrhiza glabra
Godfrey
(licorice)
EXPECTORANT + DEMULCENT + ANTIVIRAL
Conditions: viral infx, bronchitis, cough
NOT to be used with HTN, loop diuretics, cardiac glycosides, hypotensive drugs, corticoids.
Grindelia camporum
Godfrey
(Gumweed)
RELAXING DEMULCENT/EXPECTORANT + ANTISPASMODIC
Conditions: ASTHMA, bronchial infx, URT catarrh; relaxes smooth mm of heart.
Hydrastis canadensis
(Goldenseal)
ANTIMICROBIAL + MUCOUS MEMBRAN TONIC
Conditions: sinus disorders - any mucoud membrane issues (all systems), earache, conjunctivitis, broad spectrum infx.
NOT to be used in HTN, B vit deficiency, pregnancy and lactation.
Hyssopus off
(Hyssop)
NERVINE + ANTICATARRHAL + EXPECTORANT + ANTISPASMODIC
Conditions: cough, bronchitis, colds, chronic catarrh.
Inula helenium
Godfrey
(elecampane)
PULMONARY TONIC + STIMULATING EXPECTORANT + ANTITUSSIVE
Conditions: bronchial cough, lots of catarrh (emphysema), asthma, TB.
Leonorus cardiaca
(Motherwort)
NERVINE + CARDIAC TONIC
Conditions: anxiety - especially good for anxiety associated with asthma (Godfrey)
Hoffman prescribes this with things like Emphysema, Chronic Bronchitis and Asthma to combat and cardiac issues that may result from increased pulmonary pressure/congestions! THINK clin med ;)
Ligusticum porteri
(Osha)
ANTIVIRAL + ANTICANCER
Conditions: URTI, LRTI, acute bronchitis, croup, viral infx, laryngitis.
Hoffman - specific for ACUTE BRONCHITIS + LARYNGITIS
NOT for use in pregnancy
Marribum vulgare
(Horehound)
STIMULATING EXPECTORANT + ANTISPASMODIC
Conditions: bronchitis, non-productive cough, pertussis.
Dr Godfrey - give this to pt to drink in office if they cant stop coughing. It will work within 10 minutes!
Note - this one can also act as a relaxing expectorant!
Origanum vulgare
(oregano)
ANTIMICROBIAL
Prunus serotina
(Wild cherry)
ANTITUSSIVE + ANTISPASMODIC + EXPECTORANT
original ingredient that made cough syrup taste like cherry
Conditions: cough, bronchitis, pertussis, asthma
TOXIC in large doses.
Sambucus nigra
Godfrey
(Black elder) - General Actions
STIMULATING EXPECTORANT (leaf) + RELAXING DIAPHORETIC (flowers) + ANTIVIRAL (Berries)
Bark - is purgative
Conditions: sinusitis, catarrhal deafness, cold/flu
Sanguinaria canadensis
(Bloodroot)
STIMULATING EXPECTORANT + ANTISPASMODIC + EMETIC
Conditions: bronchitis, lung congestion, emphysems, bronchectasis, croup, asthma, laryngitis, OM. NOTE - Hoffman says do not use stimulating expectorants with Asthma!
High does = nausea/vomit/bradychardia/hypotension
NOT to be used in pregnancy
Solidago off
(goldenrod)
DIURETIC + ASTRINGENT + ANTICATTARRHAL
Conditions: URT catarrh, influenza, laryngitis, pharyngitis, cystitis, urethritis.
Thymus vulgaris
(Thyme)
ANTIMICROBIAL + ANTISPASMODIC
Conditions: laryngitis, tonsillitis, sore throat, cough, pertussis, asthma, emphysema.
Tussilago farfara
(coltsfoot)
PULMONARY TONIC + RELAXING DEMULCENT/EXPECTORANT, ANTICATARRHAL
Conditions: chronic/acute bronchitis, coughs, pertussis, asthma, emphysema.
Prolonger use = hepatotoxic/carcinogenic.
Zingiber off
(Ginger)
CIRCULATORY STIMULANT + ANTIEMETIC + ANTISPASMODIC + DIAPHORETIC (warming)
Conditions: fever, sore throat, poor circulation.
High dose enhance anticoagulants, Do not use to treat morning sickness.
