Respiratory Flashcards
causes of troubled breathing
croup: swelling in the baby’s upper airway
respiratory distress syndrome
bronchiolitis: swelling in the smallest airways of the lungs
buildup of infected pus in the back of the throat
causes of chest retractions
** can happen at any age if something is blocking your windpipe **
- asthma
- pneumonia
- bad allergic reaction
- epiglottitis: tissues that cover windpipe swell up
subcostal retractions
- belly pulls in beneath your rib cage
- belly breathing
substernal retractions
- belly pulls beneath your breastbone
suprasternal retractions
- skin in the middle of your neck sucks in (also called a tracheal tug)
superclavical retractions
- happen on the part of your neck above your collarbone
intercostal retractions
- happen between each rib indrawing of the skin inbetween each rib
abnormal bronchial breath sounds
- consolidation
- collapse of patent bronchus
- sounds almost like one continuous movement
absent breath sounds
- pleaural effusion
- pneumothorax
- collapse with blocked bronchus
wheeze (low pitched rhonchi)
- mainly inspiratory, can be expiratory
- COPD, bronchiectasis
- almost sounds like a horse to me
wheeze (high pitched)
- asthma
- bronchiolitis
- typically expiration but can happen on inspiration
crackles (fine)
- pulmonary edema
- interstitial fibrosis
- almost sounds like a skateboard going on bumpy concrete
crackles (coarse)
- resolving pneumonia
- bronchiectasis
- chronic bronchitis
pleural rub
- friction rub
stridor
- medical emergency
- causing blocking large airway
wheezes
high pitched musical flute
narrowed airways from bronchoconstriction inflamed lung tissue
- asthma and COPD exacerbation
AIM
Albuterol
ipratropium (can’t pee with a troPIUM… since it dries out secretions)
Methylprednisolone (solumedrol) - slow acting steroid to tx swelling
crackles think CRAZY fluid
- liquidy bubbling or crackling
- fine = high pitched… rubbing hair between fingers
- coarse = low pitched… velcro pulled apart
location: lower lobes
patho: alveoli “pop” open - inflammation and congestion
disease: pulmonary edema “fluid in the lungs” with CHF or pneumonia (infection)
TX: diuretics (furosemide) infection (Antibiotics)
stridor
SERIOUS SQUEAK
MED EMERGENCY: AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
- high pitched harsh, INSPIRATORY, whistle
location: throat region
patho: blockage of larynx or trachea
disease: choking obstruction, epiglottitis, croup (child)
AFTER THYROID SURGERY
TX: endotracheal intubation, surgery
rhonchi “rumble”
- low pitched rattling or rumbling , like snoring
location: bronchi (not alveoli)
disease: bronchitis, COPD, pneumonia (infection), CF
tx: chest percussion (vibration vest), fluids to loosen and thin mucus
pleural friction rub “pebbles friction”
- low pitched, dry rubbing like two rocks grinding together
- front side of lung… during inhalation and exhalation
patho: infection caused by inflammation of pleura layer of the lungs rubbing together
disease: worsening pneumonia
tx: TCDB, incentive spirometer, antibiotics
