Respiratory Flashcards
How long should you use nasal decongestants?
Only use for 3-5 days
Which nasal decongestants should specifically be used short term?
Only oxymetazoline
What risks do oral decongestants have that nasal decongestants do not?
Nervousness, insomnia, headache, dry mouth
What are the side effects of specifically first-generation antihistamines?
Sedation, dizziness, ABCD anticholinergic effects, photosensitivity
When do we want to give and when do we not want to give cough suppressants?
Not for patients who have copious secretions, and patients who smoke
Contraindications and adverse effects for nasal glucocorticoids
-Nasal irritation and epistaxis
-If swallowed in large amounts: can cause AE: BIGS PITC
-Contraindicated w/people with infections
Adverse for inhaler glucocorticoids
Cough, hoarseness, oral candidiasis, changes in taste
-If taken in large amounts BIGS PITC can occur
Adverse for PO glucocorticoids
Not for long-term use, reduce the frequency, limit therapy for under 10 days. (Adverse would probably be BIGS PITC)
Patient education for nasal sprays:
Blow your nose gently, plug one nare and install the prescribed number of sprays. Repeat in the other nare.
How do inhalers work in the lung?
Loosen thick mucous, and relieve bronchospasm by activating beta2-adrenergic receptors
Ipratropium- Blocks parasympathetic cholinergic receptors to cause bronchodilation
How to recognize toxicity to theophylline:
-Nausea, vomiting, and CNS stimulation
What medications are bronchodilators?
Methylxanthines, beta-adrenergic agonists (albuterol), anticholinergic ipratropium (Atrovent)
What medications are used to decrease inflammation?
Beclomethasone (inhaled corticosteroid), Leukotriene modifiers (montelukast-Singulair),
What drugs are used to treat COPD?
-Bronchodilators
-mucolytics (expectorants)
-oxygen therapy
-Antibiotics
-Roflumilast (Daliresp)
