Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

How long should you use nasal decongestants?

A

Only use for 3-5 days

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2
Q

Which nasal decongestants should specifically be used short term?

A

Only oxymetazoline

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3
Q

What risks do oral decongestants have that nasal decongestants do not?

A

Nervousness, insomnia, headache, dry mouth

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4
Q

What are the side effects of specifically first-generation antihistamines?

A

Sedation, dizziness, ABCD anticholinergic effects, photosensitivity

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5
Q

When do we want to give and when do we not want to give cough suppressants?

A

Not for patients who have copious secretions, and patients who smoke

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6
Q

Contraindications and adverse effects for nasal glucocorticoids

A

-Nasal irritation and epistaxis
-If swallowed in large amounts: can cause AE: BIGS PITC
-Contraindicated w/people with infections

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7
Q

Adverse for inhaler glucocorticoids

A

Cough, hoarseness, oral candidiasis, changes in taste
-If taken in large amounts BIGS PITC can occur

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8
Q

Adverse for PO glucocorticoids

A

Not for long-term use, reduce the frequency, limit therapy for under 10 days. (Adverse would probably be BIGS PITC)

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9
Q

Patient education for nasal sprays:

A

Blow your nose gently, plug one nare and install the prescribed number of sprays. Repeat in the other nare.

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10
Q

How do inhalers work in the lung?

A

Loosen thick mucous, and relieve bronchospasm by activating beta2-adrenergic receptors

Ipratropium- Blocks parasympathetic cholinergic receptors to cause bronchodilation

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11
Q

How to recognize toxicity to theophylline:

A

-Nausea, vomiting, and CNS stimulation

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12
Q

What medications are bronchodilators?

A

Methylxanthines, beta-adrenergic agonists (albuterol), anticholinergic ipratropium (Atrovent)

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13
Q

What medications are used to decrease inflammation?

A

Beclomethasone (inhaled corticosteroid), Leukotriene modifiers (montelukast-Singulair),

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14
Q

What drugs are used to treat COPD?

A

-Bronchodilators
-mucolytics (expectorants)
-oxygen therapy
-Antibiotics
-Roflumilast (Daliresp)

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