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Pharm Final 2 > Comprehensive Final (Meds) Pharm > Flashcards

Comprehensive Final (Meds) Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Triptans: Sumatriptan (imitrex)

A

Adverse: dizziness, drowsiness, flushing, warm sensation, decreased carotid blood flow, serotonin syndrome; contraindicated for CVD, CAD, Stroke, HPTN, MI or Angina

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2
Q

Ergot Alkaloids

A

Promotes vasoconstriction- terminated ongoing migraines, numbness and tingling, myalgia, GI upset, and weakness in the legs

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3
Q

Lipid souble vitamins

A

K, A, D, E

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4
Q

Total enteral feeding care and maintenance: (9)

A

Check placment, ensure it does not dislodge, change tubing and bag, maintaining asepsis, maintain patency, monitor labs, start at 20-30ml/hr and gradually increase, check residual, 30 degrees HOB

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5
Q

Orlistat:

A

Fatty stools, flatus with discharge, fecal urgency and abdominal pain

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6
Q

Adverse effects for all antineoplastics:

A

Alopecia, mucositis (stomatitis), anorexia, n/v, diarrhea, neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, preg cat D or X, temporary or permanent infertility, fatigue

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7
Q

Alkylating Agents: Cyclophosphamide (cytoxan)

A

Hemorrhagic Cystitis, caustic to the tissue, maintain hydration to protect the bladder- COLD compress for IV site

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8
Q

Antimetabolites: Methotrexate

A

BB: Fatal- hemorrhagic enteritis, pneumonitis, SJS, folic acid anemia, caustic to the tissues, Use COLD for extravasation

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9
Q

Antitumor: Doxorubicin

A

Cardiotoxicity, severe vesicant, large bore IV, apply ICE

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10
Q

Vinka Alkaloid: Vincristine (oncovin)

A

Neurotoxicity: (numbness, tingling) constipation, severe vesicant, apply HEAT

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11
Q

Tamoxifen:

A

Uterine cancer, menopausal symptoms (vaginal dryness, moodiness, hot flashes), blood clots

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12
Q

Desmopressin

A

S/S of water intoxication, hptn, nausea, contraindicated w/ kidney disease and clotting patients

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13
Q

Levothyroxine (Synthroid)

A

Hyperthyroidism: tachycardia, anxiety, insomnia, wt. loss, anorexia, heat intolerance, diarrhea, menstrual irregularities, contraindicated with cardiovascular disease, monitor serum TSH 6 weeks after initiation and change of dose

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14
Q

Propylthiouracil

A

Hypothyroidism: bradycardia, wt. gain, fatigue, cold intolerance, hair loss; rash, and transient leukopenia- can cause severe liver toxicity

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15
Q

Bigs and Pitc

A

Increase in blood pressure, irritability, glucose, sodium
Decrease in Potassium, Immunity, Thyroxine, and calcium

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16
Q

Nursing implications for all antibiotics

A

Take the full medication to reduce resistance, take probiotics to prevent super infection, specificity- obtain a culture prior to starting antibiotic, monitor for allergies

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17
Q

Penicillins

A

Decreased effectiveness of oral contraceptives, do not give the same time as aminoglycosides, assess allergies

18
Q

Cephalosporin’s (Cefazolin)

A

Seizures (rare) nephrotoxicity, allergies to penicillins

19
Q

Tetracyclines: Sumycin

A

Photosensitivity, esophageal irritation, discoloration of the teeth, do not take with milk, or antacids

20
Q

Macrolides: erythromycin

A

Hearing loss, cardiotoxic effects, may increase effects of warfarin, Do NOT give with juices

21
Q

Aminoglycosides (gentamicin)

A

3 N’s: neurotoxicity (ototoxicity, loss of balance) nephrotoxicity, neuromuscular toxicity (severe muscle weakness, respiratory arrest), draw peaks and troughs

22
Q

Fluoroquinolones: Ciprofloxacin

A

Tendonitis, tendon rupture, extreme muscle weakness, phototoxicity, hepatoxicity

23
Q

Sulfonamides: Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

A

Crystalluria, oliguria, renal failure (increase fluid intake) , photosensitivity, hyperkalemia, allergies to sulfas

24
Q

Isoniazid:

A

Neuropathy, numbness, and tingling, take vitamin B6, take on an empty stomach, monitor liver enzymes

25
Q

What happens to the immune cells in stage I of HIV

A

Decreased CD4+, increased CD8

26
Q

What happens to the immune cells in stage II of HIV

A

CD4+ cells destroyed

27
Q

Zidovudine:

A

weakness, anorexia, n/d, headache, CNS effects

28
Q

Efavirenz:

A

CNS adverse effects, dizziness, sleep disorders

29
Q

Lopinavir with Rotinavir (Kaletra)

A

Diarrhea, headache, and GI effects (n/v/d)

30
Q

Interferron Alfa-2B

A

-Encephalopathy: Assess mental status
-Assess for depression; homicidal/ suicidal ideation
-Decreased immunity: assess WBC count, fever

31
Q

Acyclovir

A

Take within 72 hours of symptoms, very important to stick with regimen, IV site can have some extravasation

32
Q

Benzodiazepines( Lorazepam, ativan)

A

Long term memory loss, contraindicated w/glaucoma, liver disorders & addiction, - Antidote (flumazenil)

33
Q

Non benzos & nonbarbituates (Ambien)

A
  1. Fall asleep but not stay asleep 2. depression, suicidal ideation, hallucinations 3. Monitor respirations and CNS effects - Flumazenil
34
Q

Serotonin syndrome

A

Abrupt/rapid, dilated pupils, termors, n/v/d, myoclonus, hyperreflexia

35
Q

Nueromalignant syndrome

A

onset: days-weeks; led-pipe rigidity, Bradyreflexia

36
Q

SSRI’s (Zoloft/sertraline), escitalopram

A

Headache, nausea, CNS, weight gain, decreased libido, Monitor liver enzymes, do not take with St. Johns wort

37
Q

Atypicals (bupropion)

A

Contraindicated in seizures pt’s., dry mouth, insomnia, weight loss, seizures

38
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants: (imipramine) (tofranil)

A

anticholinergic, photosensitivity, monitor cardiac Hx and cardiac enzymes

39
Q

MAOI’s (phenelzine/nardil)

A

Severe hypertension w/tyramine, orthostatic hypotension, Dry mouth, constipation, thacycardia

40
Q

Lithium

A

Lithium toxicity (polyuria, tinnitus, involuntary movements, seizures, blurred vision, respiratory depression and hypotension); prevent dehydration, monitor CBC, blood electrolytes, renal function tests, thyroid

41
Q

CNS Stimulant: Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

A

Come in every 1-3 months for eval; nervousness, insomnia, anorexia, monitor sleep disturbances and eating

Pharm Final 2 (3 decks)

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