Respiratory Flashcards
Pack years = number of ____ ____ X number of ____ _____
Packs daily, years smoking
Bloody sputum, refer to last TB test
Hemoptysis
Difficulty breathing that awakens patient
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspna
You should inspect fingers, toenails, lips for ______ status
Oxygenation
This is a rounded chest; pts with COPD may have this chest appearance
Barrel chest
Pectus ______ is where the breastbone is sunken inward
Excavatum
Pectus ______ is where the breastbone sticks outward
Carinatum
COPD is an umbrella term for what two conditions?
Chronic bronchitis, emphysema
Chronic bronchitis pts are called this
Blue bloater
Emphysema pts are called this
Pink puffer
You want to see if there’s use of THESE during work of breath (WOB)
Accessory muscles
Kussmaul’s breathing is indicative of what? (i.e. diabetes mellitus)
Metabolic acidosis
Cheyne-Strokes breathing results from ______ of respiratory center, and is characterized by ____ & ________
hypoperfusion; apnea & hyperventilation
This is done during posterior respiratory PE; feeling vibrations
Tactile fremitus
This is done during posterior respiratory PE; butterfly test; looking for symmetry of breath. Would be UNEVEN in ________
Excursion; pneumothorax (collapsed lung)
What 5 things are you listening for in percussion of posterior chest?
Resonance, hyperresonance, dullness, flat, tympany
Think of a “tight drum” over organs that stretch. This will NOT BE FOUND in respiratory system!
Tympany
This percussion sound is indicative of pleural effusion or lobar pneumonia; it is MOST DENSE
Dullness
This percussion sound is indicative of pneumothorax
Hyperresonance
Where may dullness be found during percussion?
Liver
Auscultation assesses air _____ through tracheobronchial tree, presence of _____ & mucous, and condition of lungs & pleural space
Flow, fluid
What are the 3 normal breath sounds?
Bronchial/tracheal, bronchiovesicular, vesicular
What are 5 abnormal breath sounds?
Crackles/rales, wheezes, rhonchi, pleural friction rub, stridor
Crackles/rales are indicative of fluid in _____
Alveoli
Wheezing is indicative of lungs clamping down in ______. Moisture or debris in larger airway
Bronchioles
