CV/PV Flashcards

(43 cards)

1
Q

What are the two atrioventricular valves?

A

Mitral, tricuspid

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2
Q

What are the two semilunar valves?

A

Aortic, pulmonic

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3
Q

What is it called where the heart sits in the chest?

A

Precordium

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4
Q

The heart apex sits at the _____ ICS

A

5th

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5
Q

AKA the “pump” of the heart

A

Myocardium

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6
Q

AKA the inside lining of heart chambers (chambers&valves)

A

Endocardium

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7
Q

AKA the double-walled sac separated by fluid

A

Pericardium

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8
Q

Friction, rubbing of pericardium

A

Pericarditis

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9
Q

Friction, rubbing of pleural cavity of lungs

A

Pleuritis

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10
Q

Difficulty breathing while lying flat

A

Orthopnea

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11
Q

AKA losing consciousness

A

Syncope

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12
Q

THIS vasoconstricts the vascular system

A

Nicotine

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13
Q

In angina, ____ ____ builds up and ____ cannot get to muscles!

A

Lactic acid, oxygen

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14
Q

What 3 things are included in the trifecta for cardiac issues?

A

Diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol

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15
Q

When moving from sitting to standing, pt shouldn’t have a systolic drop of more than ____ mmHg, or diastolic drop of more than ___ mmHg

A

20, 10

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16
Q

____ cyanosis is much worse than the alternative; indicates _____ issues

A

Central, systemic

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17
Q

What does JVD stand for?

A

Jugular Venous Distention

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18
Q

JVD is a measurement of ____ sided heart activity; AKA ____ venous pressure

A

Right, central

19
Q

JVD is a sign that ____ _____ is obstructed

20
Q

In “lub dub”, LUB signifies ____; START of _____; closure of the two ____ valves

A

S1, systole, AV

21
Q

In “lub dub”, DUB signifies ___; END of _____; closure of the two ____ valves

A

S2, diastole, SL

22
Q

A split S2 sound means that the two SL valves are not _______

23
Q

Slosh Ing In

24
Q

A Stiff Wall

25
___ can be pathologic or physiologic, whereas ___ is pathologic ONLY
S3, S4
26
S3 is a _____ gallop
Ventricular
27
S4 is a _____ gallop
Atrial
28
In the murmur grading scale, the lower the grade, the _____ the thrill (and vice versa)
Lower
29
This is an arterial issue...i.e. having pain climbing upstairs; symptom of PAD
Claudication
30
What are the 3 arteries of the arm?
Brachial, radial, ulnar
31
What is the main artery of the neck?
Carotid
32
What are the 4 arteries of the leg?
Femoral, popliteal, dorsal pedis, posterior tibialis
33
These sound like someone blowing; indicate a partially _______ artery; resemble heart murmurs
Bruits, occluded
34
Bilateral edema in extremities suggests what?
Systemic illness
35
Unilateral edema in extremities suggests what?
Localized problem
36
Regarding amplitude/force, 2+ signifies
Normal, brisk
37
Regarding amplitude/force, 1+ signifies
Weak/thready
38
AKA a pulse that goes away easily
Thready
39
Regarding amplitude/force, 3+ signifies
Bounding
40
THIS is a difference in apical and radial pulses
Pulse deficit
41
____ pulse will always be higher than radial pulse
Apical
42
If someone has peripheral venous circulation problems, their skin will be ____ and ____
Warm, red
43
If someone has peripheral arterial circulation problems, their skin will be ____ and ____
Cool, pale